Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine whether plasma transferrin levels are associated with longitudinal changes in cognitive performance in older individuals with normal cognition (CN), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Methods: At baseline, there were a total of 358 participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort, including 58 older individuals with CN, 198 older individuals with MCI, and 102 patients with AD. Linear mixed models were utilized to examine the associations of plasma transferrin levels with changes in cognitive performance over time after adjustment of several potential covariates. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) were used to examine the global cognition of participants.Results: First, no significant differences in the plasma transferrin levels were observed across three diagnostic groups. Second, in the cross-sectional analyses, the baseline plasma transferrin levels were negatively associated with the MMSE scores in the CN group, but not in the MCI or the AD group. Third, in the longitudinal analyses, we found that a higher plasma transferrin was associated with a steeper cognitive decline in the MCI and AD groups, but not in the CN group.Conclusion: Higher plasma transferrin levels were associated with a steeper cognitive decline in participants with MCI and AD.
Highlights
A growing body of evidence has suggested that iron elevation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD; Lane et al, 2018; Nikseresht et al, 2019)
There were a total of 358 participants, including 58 participants with normal cognition (NC), 198 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 102 participants with mild AD dementia
We found that the plasma transferrin levels were negatively associated with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in the NC group (ρ = −0.27, p = 0.036), but not in the MCI group (ρ = −0.1, p = 0.33) or in the AD group (ρ = −0.04, p = 0.7)
Summary
A growing body of evidence has suggested that iron elevation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD; Lane et al, 2018; Nikseresht et al, 2019). Plasma Transferrin and Cognitive Decline the clinical progression (Crapper McLachlan et al, 1991). While evidence in both preclinical and clinical studies support the notion that brain iron elevation could contribute to cognitive decline and the incidence of dementia (Lane et al, 2018; Nikseresht et al, 2019), prospective evidence about the association between plasma transferrin (which transports iron) and changes in cognitive performance over time is lacking. No study has attempted to examine the association between baseline plasma transferrin levels and changes in cognitive performance over time
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