Abstract
The increasing prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become a global phenomenon presenting serious social and health challenges. For detecting early molecular changes in the disease, several techniques to measure varied species of amyloid beta in the peripheral blood have been recently developed, but the efforts to associate them with cognitive assessments have yet to produce sufficient data. We prospectively collected participants from the consecutive population who visited our center for brain health screening. In total, 97 participants (F:M = 58:39) aged 69.4 ± 7.52 were assessed. Participants performed the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease (CERAD-K), the clinical dementia rating (CDR), plasma oligomeric amyloid-β (OAβ) level tests, routine blood tests, ApoE genotype, and brain MRI. Among total population, 55.7% had a CDR of 0, and 40.2% had a CDR of 0.5. The results showed that word memory and word recall, and the total scores of the CERAD-K were negatively correlated with the plasma OAβ level. With a cut-off value of 0.78 ng/mL for the OAβ level and a −1.5 standard deviation of age/sex/education adjusted norms for the CERAD-K; naming, word memory, word recall, word recognition, and total score were significantly correlated with the OAβ level. No correlation between the OAβ level and mini-mental status examination was found. Our results demonstrate that the level of plasma OAβ was well correlated with the measure of cognitive function through the CERAD-K in the field data collected from consecutive populations. Studies on longitudinal comparisons with large cohorts will further validate the diagnostic value of plasma OAβ as a useful biomarker for screening AD and predicting progression.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the most common dementias, is a global health crisis
In this study, by comparing the MDS-oligomerized Aβ (OAβ) value with the Korean version of Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease CERAD-K, we aim to validate that the plasma OAβ level reflects the cognitive and memory function of individuals using the Korean version of CERAD
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker test and Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography (PET) are excellent in terms of diagnostic accuracy, but there are limitations for these biomarkers in terms of being widely utilized in early diagnosis of AD due to the high invasiveness, high risk of side effects, and restricted availability to patients
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the most common dementias, is a global health crisis. The most well-established and validated biomarkers for AD are the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker test and positron emission tomography (PET) [5]. These biomarkers, have limitations in terms of being utilized as universal AD diagnostics as they are invasive, expensive, and often unavailable in many healthcare systems. Research into Alzheimer’s disease has found that oligomerized Aβ (OAβ) are the most toxic among Aβ species [6,7] and are highly associated with the pathogenesis of AD [8,9]. Various efforts are being made to detect oligomerized Aβ in biofluid [10,11] with the aim of validating it as the long-anticipated blood-based biomarker for AD diagnosis.
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