Association of physical fitness and motor ability at young age with locomotive syndrome risk in middle-aged and older men: J-Fit+ Study

Shaoshuai Shen,Yuki Someya,Hisashi Naito,Koya Suzuki,Yoshimitsu Kohmura,Noriyuki Fuku

doi:10.1186/s12877-021-02047-7

Abstract

BackgroundPhysical fitness and motor ability are associated with the incidence of locomotive syndrome (LS) in older adults. The relationships between physical fitness and motor ability at a young age to LS risk in later life remain unclear. This study examined the association between physical fitness and motor ability among university students and their risk of LS in middle and old age.MethodsThe participants were 231 male alumni aged 48–65 years from the Department of Physical Education of a university in Japan. Physical fitness and motor ability test results during their fourth year at the university were used. Physical fitness tests included the side-step test, vertical jump test, back muscle, grip strength, trunk lift, standing trunk flexion, and step-test. Motor ability was tested using the 50-m and 1500-m run, running long jump, hand-ball throw, and pull-up test. LS risk was assessed using a seven-question standardized self-administered Loco-check questionnaire. Participants were divided into three groups (low, medium, and high) based on physical fitness and motor ability test results at young age, and LS risk was assessed at an older age across the three groups using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsFrom the 2017 follow-up survey, the median follow-up period was 37 years (interquartile range, 33–41), and LS risk was suspected for 31 (13.4%) participants. Better performance on the side-step test was associated with the reduced risk of LS (hazard ratio 0.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.101–0.983, P = 0.047).ConclusionsGood agility (side-step test) at a young age may reduce the future risk of LS among middle-aged and older men.

Highlights

Physical fitness and motor ability are associated with the incidence of locomotive syndrome (LS) in older adults
It has not been clarified what kind of physical fitness and motor ability at a young age is associated with LS, and whether increasing physical fitness and motor ability at a young age leads to prevention of LS in older adults
This study examined the association of physical fitness and motor ability of university-aged students with the risk of LS in middle-aged and older Japanese men

Summary

Introduction

Physical fitness and motor ability are associated with the incidence of locomotive syndrome (LS) in older adults. There have been many study findings indicating that in older adults the risk of LS is associated with static balance [9] and with the back-and-forth postural sway in the balance test [10], timed-up-and-go test [11], walking ability [9], mobility [4], grip strength [12], and back muscle strength [13]. It has not been clarified what kind of physical fitness and motor ability at a young age is associated with LS, and whether increasing physical fitness and motor ability at a young age leads to prevention of LS in older adults

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