Association of periodontal inflammation, systemic inflammation, and duration of menopausal years in postmenopausal women.

Abstract

The influence of menopause on vascular inflammation and systemic bone loss has been documented. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the periodontal status, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) level, and estrogen level in women with early menopause and women with normal menopause. A total of 103 participants comprising normal menopausal women (n = 53) and early menopausal women (n = 50) were examined. Periodontal parameters, anthropometric parameters, and metabolic parameters including serum levels of HsCRP and estrogen were recorded. Women with early menopause (age 49.02 ± 2.70 years, postmenopausal period 5.86 ± 2.48 years) had higher clinical attachment loss (CAL) and HsCRP along with increased sites with bleeding on probing (BOP) as compared with normal menopausal women (age 50.56 ± 1.94 years; postmenopausal period 2.03 ± 1.15). On partial correlation analysis after controlling for age, Plaque Index (PI), and body mass index (BMI), CAL correlated positively and significantly with HsCRP and duration of menopause (P = .000), and negatively with estradiol in pooled data. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that CAL (dependent variable) has significant association with HsCRP (P = .000, r2 = .343) and duration of menopause (P = .001, r2 = .343). Estrogen status also correlated with HsCRP. CAL and HsCRP were higher in women with early menopause. CAL was significantly correlated with postmenopausal period and HsCRP in the population studied.