Abstract
Night-time screen-viewing (SV) contributes to inadequate sleep and poor diet, and subsequently excess weight. Adolescents may use many devices at night, which can provide additional night-time SV. Purpose: To identify night-time SV patterns, and describe differences in diet, sleep, weight status, and adiposity between patterns in a cross-sectional and longitudinal manner. Methods: Adolescents (10–16 y) reported devices they viewed at night and completed food recalls. Accelerometry, anthropometrics, and imaging were conducted to measure sleep, weight status, and adiposity, respectively. Latent class analysis was performed to identify night-time SV clusters. Linear regression analysis was used to examine associations between clusters with diet, sleep, weight status, and adiposity. Results: Amongst 273 adolescents (12.5 ± 1.9 y, 54% female, 59% White), four clusters were identified: no SV (36%), primarily cellphone (32%), TV and portable devices (TV+PDs, 17%), and multiple PDs (17%). Most differences in sleep and adiposity were attenuated after adjustment for covariates. The TV+PDs cluster had a higher waist circumference than the no SV cluster in cross-sectional analysis. In longitudinal analysis, the primarily cellphone cluster had less change in waist circumference compared to the no SV cluster. Conclusions: Directing efforts towards reducing night-time SV, especially TV and PDs, may promote healthy development.
Highlights
Childhood obesity is a public health concern and affects 20.6% of adolescents in the United States (US) [1]
There were no other differences in demographics, health behaviors, weight status, or adiposity between those that were included and those that were not included in the analysis (p > 0.05 for all)
White and 34.8% were African American; 5.5% identified as another race (e.g., Asian) or Overall, adolescents were 12.5 ± 1.9 years of age; 45.8% were male; 59.7% were White and 34.8% were African American; 5.5% identified as another race (e.g., Asian) or identified as two or races; majority lived in lived a household with an income
Summary
Childhood obesity is a public health concern and affects 20.6% of adolescents (ages12–19 years) in the United States (US) [1]. Screen-time is an important behavior to consider in relation to obesity as a recent study found many U.S adolescents (ages 13–17 years) have access to a cellphone (95%) or a desktop or laptop computer at home (88%), and about half (45%) report they use the internet constantly [4]. 24,500 US high school students, excess screen-time was related to an increased likelihood of having obesity, along with unhealthy behaviors including poor diet and inadequate sleep [5]. These findings suggest that screen-time is associated with obesity, likely through negatively impacting diet and sleep
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