Association of Myeloma in Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease; A Single Centered Study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the frequency along with socio-demographic factors and clinical features of myeloma in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) presenting at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Study design and setting: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Nephrology and Hematology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from Jan 2022 to Jul 2022. Methodology: Patients of age>18 years of either gender having chronic kidney disease were included in the study. Detailed data regarding socio-demographic factors, clinical features and presence of multiple myeloma was obtained. Myeloma was diagnosed in the patients using WHO criteria i.e. presence of M-protein in urine or serum, presence of clonal plasma cells in bone marrow, and related tissue or organ failure. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: The median age of the patients with chronic kidney disease was 54 years and most of them were males (63%). Myeloma was detected in only 14 patients with CKD. The proportion of myeloma was similar across chronic kidney disease stages, and statistically there was no significant association between chronic kidney disease stages and myeloma with pvalue=0.08. There were no differences in hemoglobin, serum calcium, serum albumin, serum total protein, albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio, ESR, comorbid in patients with and without myeloma (p>0.05). Conclusion: The frequency of myeloma among patients with chronic kidney disease was low.