Abstract
This research study aims at contrasting a structural model of the associations between the alcohol consumption, tobacco dependence, and the problematic use of video games with motivational climate toward sport depending on the category of sports practiced in a sample of Physical Education university students. The sample consisted of 775 university students from the Autonomous Community of Andalusia (Spain), aged between 21 and 35 (22.22 ± 3.76) years. The instruments used were the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire (PMCSQ-2), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), and the Questionnaire of Experiences Related to Video Games (QERV) questionnaires. A path model that fitted properly in the multigroup analysis for both categories of sports was used, χ2 = 19.843; gl = 8; p = .011; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.911; normed fit index (NFI) = 0.903; incremental fit index (IFI) = 0.912; root mean square error approximation (RMSEA) = 0.085. An inverse association was shown between task climate and tobacco consumption in individual sports, being weaker in collective sports. This association is not significant for collective sports, but it is for individual sports for ego climate. However, a positive association was found between ego climate and the use of video games in individual sports, not being significant in the case of collective sports. The importance of promoting motivational climates oriented toward tasks that are based on the practice of collective sports is established, because they could act as protective factors against the development of addictive behavior in university students.
Highlights
The use of harmful substances is popular among university students, encouraged by the influence of peer groups, absence of parental control, and contextual and cognitive changes produced during this period (Kellam et al, 2014)
A negative relationship was observed between task climate and tobacco consumption in sports that are individually practiced, whereas this association was weaker for collective sports
A direct relation was found for problematic use of video games and ego climate in the case of university students who practiced individual sports, being nonsignificant in the case of collective sports
Summary
The use of harmful substances is popular among university students, encouraged by the influence of peer groups, absence of parental control, and contextual and cognitive changes produced during this period (Kellam et al, 2014). We must not forget the problematic use of screen digital leisure amoung young people, which usually goes unnoticed and is linked to serious health problems such as eye diseases and diseases related to overweight such as diabetes, cholesterol, joint problems, or obesity (Chacón et al, 2017a; Chamarro et al, 2014). Alcohol and tobacco consumption produce more than 4 million annual deaths worldwide, creating other conditions such as COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) or heart diseases (Gupta et al, 2014). It becomes essential to treat the abuse of harmful substances in young people, as well as to promote its prevention by several sections of society (Khan et al, 2012)
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