Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of mortality. Healthy diets can decrease CVDs and other chronic diseases especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this study, we investigate association between adherence to the modified Nordic diet and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 339 type 2 diabetic patients. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and biochemical tests were evaluated. A validated and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intake. Nordic diet scores were calculated based on median intakes of six food groups. Results: Body mass index (BMI) was higher among participants who were in the lowest tertile of adherence to the Nordic diet (P=0.006). There was a significant association between socioeconomic status (SES) and adherence to the Nordic diet (P<0.0001). Participants who were in the top category of adherence to the diet had significantly lower levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P<0.0001). There was a significant inverse association between adherence to the Nordic diet and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (odds ratio [OR]=0.29 95% CI: 0.09, 0.91, P=0.025), high systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels (OR=0.35 95% CI=0.17-0.74, P=0.015), and risk of obesity (OR=0.25 95% CI: 0.10, 0.63, P=0.03). Conclusion: Results suggest that adherence to the Nordic diet is associated with reductions in the prevalence of obesity, LDL levels and blood pressure among type 2 diabetic patients. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of mortality
Based on the probable beneficial effects of this diet on those risk factors, we investigated the association between a modified Nordic diet and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in Isfahan, Iran
There was a significant association between socioeconomic status (SES) and adherence to the Nordic diet that revealed that levels of adherence to the Nordic diet differed by SES (P < 0.0001)
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of mortality. Healthy diets can decrease CVDs and other chronic diseases especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Results suggest that adherence to the Nordic diet is associated with reductions in the prevalence of obesity, LDL levels and blood pressure among type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that impacts various dimensions of health.[1,2] According to the World Health Organization (WHO), globally 300 million people will suffer from diabetes by 2025.1 The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is high in Middle Eastern countries such as Iran.[3] In Iran, recent statistics show the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes among people between ages 25 to 64 years old was 7.7%.4. It is recommended that a person’s whole diet (in the form of a dietary pattern) be evaluated, rather
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have