Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that functional dysregulations of miRNAs, especially miR-196a-2 and miR-149, in cancers could be attributed to polymorphisms in miRNA sequences. This study was aimed at clarifying the association of mir-196a-2 rs11614913 and mir-149 rs2292832 with cancer risk by performing an updated meta-analysis of genetic association studies.Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched until 9 April 2018 to identify eligible studies. Studies should meet the following criteria to be included in the meta-analysis: evaluation of genetic association between rs11614913 and/or rs2292832 and susceptibility to cancer; A case-control design; Written in English; Availability of sufficient data for estimating odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Studies that met the following criteria were excluded: review articles, meta-analysis, abstracts or conference papers; duplicate publications; studies on animals or cell-lines; studies without a case-control design; studies that did not report genotype frequencies. Pooled ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using a total of 111 studies (41,673 cases and 49,570 controls) for mir-196a rs11614913 and 44 studies (15,954 cases and 19,594 controls) for mir-149 rs2292832. Stratified analysis according to quality scores, genotyping method, ethnicity, broad cancer category and cancer type was also performed.Results: Mir-196a-2 rs11614913 T allele was associated with decreased cancer risk in overall population. The association was only significant in Asians but not Caucasians. In subgroup analysis, significant associations were found in high quality studies, gynecological cancers, ovarian, breast, and hepatocellular cancer. Mir-149 rs2292832 was not associated with cancer risk in overall population and there were no differences between Asians and Caucasians. However, the T allele was associated with a decrease risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers under the heterozygote model and an increased risk of colorectal cancer under the recessive model.Conclusions: The present meta-analysis suggests that mir-196a-2 rs11614913 may contribute to the risk of cancer especially in Asians. Mir-149 rs2292832 may modulate the risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers especially colorectal cancer. This study had some limitations such as significant heterogeneity in most contrasts, limited number of studies enrolling Africans or Caucasians ancestry and lack of adjustment for covariates and environmental interactions.
Highlights
Despite remarkable recent progress in clinical management, diagnosis and treatment, cancer has remained one of the major causes of death worldwide
A total of 1,509 articles were excluded in which 577 articles were duplicates, 114 articles were abstracts or conference meetings, 86 articles were meta-analysis, 404 were review articles, 7 articles were not written in English, 26 articles were related to other diseases, 36 articles were related to other genes, or polymorphisms and 259 more articles had either obvious irrelevant study design or irrelevant disease/gene
The results suggest that mir-196a-2 rs11614913 may pose an ethnic dependent effect on cancer risk as associations with cancer were only observed in Asians
Summary
Despite remarkable recent progress in clinical management, diagnosis and treatment, cancer has remained one of the major causes of death worldwide. MiRNAs are short noncoding functional RNAs that are involved in the regulation of transcriptome (Ha and Kim, 2014) They modulate important cellular processes both in normal physiology and disease state and are involved in almost all cellular processes altered during tumorigenesis (Osada and Takahashi, 2007; Li et al, 2009). It has been shown that single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in miRNA genes, such as hsa-mir-196a-2 rs11614913 and hsa-mir-149 rs2292832, may influence their functions through altering miRNA expression, maturation and/or efficiency of targeting and, thereby, contribute to the risk of cancer (Hu et al, 2008; Hoffman et al, 2009; Tu et al, 2012; Nariman-Saleh-Fam et al, 2016, 2017). This study was aimed at clarifying the association of mir-196a-2 rs11614913 and mir-149 rs2292832 with cancer risk by performing an updated meta-analysis of genetic association studies
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