Abstract
Evaluate the effects of two anesthetic associations in giant Amazon river turtles (P. expansa). Twenty P. expansa, healthy, of both sexes, with weights between 1.0 and 1.5 kg of a commercial breeding facility located in the valley of the Araguaia River, Goiás, Brazil, were divided into two groups ( G1 n = 10 and G2 n = 10). Each group received a protocol being: P1 = midazolam (2 mg/kg IM) and ketamine (20 mg/kg IM) and P2 = midazolam (2 mg/kg IM) and ketamine (60 mg/kg IM), applied on G1 and G2, respectively. The drugs were applied in the left forelimb. The clinical parameters evaluated were: locomotion, muscle relaxation, response to pain stimuli in the right thoracic and pelvic members and heart rate. These assessments were made at time 0 (immediately after injection) and times of 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes after the injections. Group 2 showed a higher heart rate than G1 and more rapid and prolonged immobilization. The sedation scores obtained by these protocols (P1 and P2) were satisfactory, with possible pharmacological contention for collecting biological samples and physical examination in P. expansa.
Highlights
Bennett[1] and Boyer[2] when studying anesthesia in Testudines, noted that many drugs have been tested, but most showed limitations and side effects
According to Bennett[1], anesthesia of reptiles is still an imprecise science, compared with birds and mammals, because the results tend to be highly variable, mainly because they are heterothermics. This author states that anesthesia of reptiles is often complicated by the long induction and recovery periods and the difficulty of monitoring parameters
The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effects of two anesthetic associations, midazolam 2 mg/kg IM with ketamine
Summary
Bennett[1] and Boyer[2] when studying anesthesia in Testudines, noted that many drugs have been tested, but most showed limitations and side effects. According to Bennett[1], anesthesia of reptiles is still an imprecise science, compared with birds and mammals, because the results tend to be highly variable, mainly because they are heterothermics. This author states that anesthesia of reptiles is often complicated by the long induction and recovery periods and the difficulty of monitoring parameters. Dissociative anesthetics and benzodiazepines are some of the most used drugs for anesthesia and chemical restraint in reptiles[5]. Already benzodiazepines are used mainly in association with the derivatives of phencyclidine[5,6]
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