Association of microalbuminuria and glycosylated hemoglobin in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

HbA1c is highly prognostic for long term diabetes related complications such as microalbuminuria. Albumin is one of the most commonly assessed clinical parameters in diabetic patients. Present study was aimed a) to estimate microalbuminuria, HbA1c, urinary creatinine and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) in patients with type 2 DM and b) to find out the correlation of glycemic control with microalbuminuria and urinary creatinine. This work is extension of our previous work on microalbuminuria in type 2 DM. Patients with type 2 DM were involved in the study. Biochemical investigations like Blood sugar, Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Urinary micro albumin and urinary creatinine were analyzed.There was a significant difference in the values of all parameters i) between patients and normal standard values, ii) Among the three groups based on duration of diabetes. Significantly lower values of urinary creatinine (p<0.000) and significantly higher values of microalbumin (p<0.000) and ACR (p<0.000) were found in patients with poor glycemic control than moderate glycemic control in our study. We observed positive correlation between microalbuminuria and glycemic control.Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes is leading to lethal effects by damaging the kidney. Early detection and prevention of nephropathy in patients with type 2 DM will be possible by frequent and timely screening the patients for HbA1c, microalbuminuria, urinary creatinine and ACR. This will definitely help to reduce the mortality rate due to diabetic nephropathy and also the economic burden of society.