Abstract
BackgroundThis meta-analysis evaluated the association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility.MethodsWe searched the Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to retrieve articles published by October 2019. Review Manager 5.3 software was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results of publication bias tests were retrieved by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0 software.ResultsA total of 150 relevant records were identified; out of which, 16 were entered into the analysis (4 studies assessed LTF, 11 ENAM, and 11 AMELX polymorphisms). Of all polymorphisms, there was a significant association only between ENAM rs3796704 polymorphism and dental caries susceptibility. Both ENAM rs3796704 and AMELX rs17878486 polymorphisms had a significant association with dental caries risk in the Caucasian ethnicity and the studies including caries-free control group.ConclusionsThe results of this meta-analysis showed that the G allele and the GG genotype of ENAM rs3796704 were associated with an increased risk of caries in the case group compared with the control group. But there was no association between LTF rs1126478, ENAM (rs1264848 and rs3796703), and AMELX (rs946252, rs17878486, and rs2106416) polymorphisms and dental caries susceptibility.
Highlights
Dental caries can significantly affect the general health and quality of life in the modern world [1]
13 articles were excluded with reasons: two studies were systematic reviews, two studies were reviews, three studies lacked sufficient data, two studies had no control group, three studies did not report any of the mentioned polymorphisms in this meta-analysis and did not have any known polymorphism either, and one study reported rs1126478 polymorphism with less than 20 individuals in each group
Only the G allele [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.38; 95%Confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.76; P = 0.009; I2 = 27% (Pheterogeneity or Ph = 0.25)] and the GG genotype [OR = 1.41; 95%CI: 1.06, 1.87; P = 0.02; I2 = 18, (Ph = 0.30)]) of ENAM rs3796704 had an elevated risk in the case group compared with the control group
Summary
Dental caries can significantly affect the general health and quality of life in the modern world [1]. Environmental risk factors may affect dental caries development [3]. Three prevalent genes are reportedly involved in development of dental caries namely the lactotransferrin (LTF), enamelin (ENAM), and amelogenin X (AMELX). The association between the mutations of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX genes and dental caries susceptibility has been shown in some studies [5, 14, 15]. We aimed to assess the association of polymorphisms of these genes and the risk of dental caries in a metaanalysis of case-control studies and evaluating only the genetic influences for dental caries This meta-analysis evaluated the association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility
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