Association of kidney functions with a cascade of care for diabetes and hypertension in two geographically distinct Indian cohorts

Abstract

AimType 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension (HTN) are the main modifiable risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD), among the known traditional and non-traditional risk factors. MethodsWe determined the prevalence and care-cascade of these modifiable CKD-risk factors and their association with socioeconomic status in adjoining Lucknow and Puducherry cities of India. Results439 participants reported no CKD were recruited. Serum analysis revealed an Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) ≥ 90 ml/min/1.73 m2 in 60.36% of the population. Of them, 55.85% had HTN and/or T2DM as CKD-risk factors; however, less than half of this population was unaware of their CKD-risk status. Awareness and treatment were significantly higher in Puducherry and were associated with literacy, occupation, and residence place. Although the CKD-risk population was about two times higher in Puducherry than Lucknow, the populations with mild-low eGFR were comparable in the two regions. Moreover, in Lucknow, mild-low eGFR and low awareness were more prevalent among the younger participants (<30 years), relative to Puducherry. ConclusionsDespite a higher prevalence of CKD-risk factors in Puducherry, populations with mild-low eGFR were comparable to Lucknow. More heightened awareness and better care cascade for CKD-risk factors in Puducherry may prevent or delay eGFR reduction.