Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common complications following kidney transplantation. Natural killer (NK) cells demonstrated critical anti-viral role in controlling and elimination of CMV after transplantation. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a pleiotropic cytokine that promotes the activity of NK cells and strengthens the acquired immune system. Also, IP10 (CXCL10) is a chemotactic factor which regulates NK cell recruitment and antiviral immune response. We aimed to determine the correlation between the serum levels of IL-15 and IP-10 cytokines with CMV infection, CMV viral load, and cyclosporine as a major immunosuppressive treatment after transplantation. Fifty-eight kidney transplant recipient patients without evidence of CMV virus disease before transplantation surgery were included in the study. From the day of transplant surgery, the patients were evaluated based on the presence of CMV Ag pp65, CMV viral load, serum levels of IL-15 & IP-10, Cyclosporine levels (C0 & C2), Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), and hematological & biochemical Index, up to 75 days. Comparison analysis of serum levels of IL-15 and IP-10 showed no significant association with CMV infection in kidney transplant recipients. In addition, CMV viral load and cyclosporine levels at C0 and C2 did not affect patients' IL-15 and IP-10 levels. The levels of IP-10 and IL-15 cytokines are not affected with CMV infection, even if a viral infection occurs in the early days after transplantation or long afterwards. In addition, taking the different levels of cyclosporine did not affect the cytokines levels. Other mechanisms may play a role in maintaining the levels of these cytokines.
Highlights
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in immunodeficient patients and transplant recipients.CMV infection increases the relative risk of mortality in kidney transplant recipients from 2.5 to 2.9, and the prevalence of infection increasesIL-10 And IL-15 levels in Kidney Transplantation with age
CMV infection can lead to transplant rejection, it is associated with diabetes and transplantation artery stenosis
Natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity is affected by various cytokines such as IL-12, IFN-γ and IL-15 which upregulate the CD69 receptor in NK cell that promote cytotoxic activity [10, 11]
Summary
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in immunodeficient patients and transplant recipients.CMV infection increases the relative risk of mortality in kidney transplant recipients from 2.5 to 2.9, and the prevalence of infection increasesIL-10 And IL-15 levels in Kidney Transplantation with age. We aimed to determine the correlation between the serum levels of IL-15 and IP-10 cytokines with CMV infection, CMV viral load, and cyclosporine as a major immunosuppressive treatment after transplantation. From the day of transplant surgery, the patients were evaluated based on the presence of CMV Ag pp, CMV viral load, serum levels of IL-15 & IP-10, Cyclosporine levels (C0 & C2), Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), and hematological & biochemical Index, up to 75 days. Results: Comparison analysis of serum levels of IL-15 and IP-10 showed no significant association with CMV infection in kidney transplant recipients. Conclusions: The levels of IP-10 and IL-15 cytokines are not affected with CMV infection, even if a viral infection occurs in the early days after transplantation or long afterwards. Other mechanisms may play a role in maintaining the levels of these cytokines
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