Abstract
Abstract Objectives This study examined associations of the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods in the home with prediabetes and diabetes status using National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) Methods Analyses included 8929 participants (20–70 years) from 2007–2010 NHANES. Diabetes and prediabetes status were determined through self-report diagnosis and laboratory Hemoglobin A1C values. Food availability was measured using questionnaire regarding the frequency of foods/drinks available at home. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression adjusting for confounders. Results Prediabetes status was inversely associated with green vegetable (OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.73–0.91; P = 0.0006) and fat-free/low-fat milk (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.65–0.89; P = 0.001) availability, and positively associated with sugary drink availability (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.04–1.48; P = 0.02) adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity (Model 1). The association remained statistically significant for vegetables (OR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.78–0.95; P = 0.005) and fat-free/low-fat milk (OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.69–0.97; P = 0.02) after adjusting for additional confounders. Overall, participants with high healthy food availability scores had a 45% reduction (P = 0.003) in odds of having prediabetes compared to those with low scores in Model 1 although the association was attenuated in the full model (P = 0.06). The results were consistent across race/ethnicity with no interactions between home food availability and ethnicity. No association between home food availability and diabetes status was observed. Conclusions The results show prediabetes participants had lower availability of healthy foods and higher availability of unhealthy foods compared to individuals without prediabetes or diabetes suggesting the need to improve the home food environment and food choices in this population. Funding Sources N/A.
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