Abstract
IntroductionInflammation, the key regulator of C-reactive protein (CRP) synthesis, plays a pivotal role in atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease.MethodsHigh sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) analysis was carried out in randomly selected 600 individuals from the sentinel surveillance study in Indian industrial population (SSIP). The hsCRP was measured quantitatively by turbid metric test using kits from SPINREACT, Spain. We analyzed the association between hsCRP and traditional CVD risk factors in this sub-sample.ResultsComplete risk factor data and CRP levels were available from 581/600 individuals. One half (51.2%) of the study subjects were males. Mean age of the study group was 39.2 ± 11.2 years. The Pearson correlation coefficients were in the range of 0.12 for SBP (p = 0.004) to 0.55 for BMI (p < 0.001). The linear regression coefficients ranged from 0.01 for SBP, PG and TC (p < 0.001) to 0.55 for logeTAG (p < 0.001) after adjustment for age, sex and education. The mean of logehsCRP significantly increased (P < 0.001) from individuals with ≤1 risk factors (-0.50) to individuals with three or more risk factors (0.60). In the multivariate model, the odds ratios for elevated CRP (CRP ≥ 2.6 mg/dl) were significantly elevated only in females in comparison to males (1.63, 95% CI; 1.02-2.58), overweight individuals in comparison to normal weight individuals (3.90, 95% CI; 2.34-6.44, p < 0.001), and abdominal obese individuals (1.62, 95% CI; 1.02-2.60, p = 0.04) in comparison to non-obese individuals.ConclusionClinical measurements of adiposity (body mass index and abdominal obesity) correlate well and can be surrogate for systemic inflammatory state of individuals.
Highlights
Inflammation, the key regulator of C-reactive protein (CRP) synthesis, plays a pivotal role in atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease
While more than two third of all reported deaths are attributable to non-communicable diseases in India, close to one third of all deaths are due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) alone [1,2]
While CRP is elevated in a variety of conditions, a link has been suggested between CRP and pathogenesis of clinical cardiovascular disease
Summary
Inflammation, the key regulator of C-reactive protein (CRP) synthesis, plays a pivotal role in atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis especially the associations between C-reactive protein (CRP), a plasma protein synthesized in liver, with cardiovascular risk factors and disease risk have gained much attention in the recent past [6]. A recent meta-analysis of 54 long-term prospective studies suggests continuous association of CRP with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and vascular mortality independent of conventional risk factors [7]. Anand and Yusuf recently analyzed the collective evidence of causal association between CRP and CVD and suggested CRP as a bystander (marker) of CVD rather than a causal factor [8]. Research on association between CRP and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases may be more relevant among Indians who are at a significantly higher risk of developing insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and CHD [9]. The relationships between CRP levels and conventional risk factors of CVD in the Indian population are described in this paper
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