Association of gender, physical activity, and fluid intake with bowel habits and symptoms of constipation

Abstract

Background: Studies have shown that regular physical exercise and adequate fluid intake help to regularize bowel function and reduce the risk of constipation. Female gender has also been associated with increased prevalence of constipation. However, there are few studies regarding bowel habits in India, especially among youngsters regarding bowel habits. Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the association of gender, physical activity and fluid intake with bowel habits and symptoms of constipation, among medical students at a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytical study was conducted among 591 participants. Details were collected using self-administered questionnaire. Questions regarding bowel habits and subjective bowel symptoms were based on based on Bristol Stool Chart and Rome III criteria. Descriptive analysis was done for the stool pattern and symptom status. Results: The predominant stool type among participants was found to be Bristol type 3 stool (sausage shaped stools with cracks on the surface) and stool frequency was 7–14 times/week. 196 of the participants reported symptoms related to constipation. Sedentary lifestyle was significantly associated with the symptoms of, frequent (≥25% times) straining (P = 0.003) and incomplete evacuation of stool (P = 0.043). Consumption of