Abstract
BackgroundEpileptiform activities can cause transient or permanent deficits that affect the children during development and may be accompanied by neurodevelopmental disorders like specific language impairment.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to find if there is a possible association and the impact of epilepsy and epileptiform activity in children with specific language impairment.Patients and methodsThe study was conducted on 80 children suffering from specific language impairment and 80 age and sex match healthy control children. Computed tomography brain was performed and electroencephalography was recorded for children. Intelligence quotient level, cognitive age, social, and phoniatric assessment were done for all patients.ResultsEighty children with specific language impairment (51 males and 29 females) with a mean age of 4.11 ± 1.93. Patients with specific language impairment showed significantly higher rates of abnormal electroencephalography (P = 0.006) and epilepsy (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. Spearman correlation demonstrated a highly negative significant relationship linking the language, intelligence quotient with abnormal electroencephalography and epilepsy (r = − 0.91, P < 0.01 and r = − 0.91, P < 0.01 respectively). Also, there was a moderately inverse significant relationship linking the cognitive age, social with abnormal electroencephalography, and epilepsy (r = − 0.70, P < 0.05 and r = − 0.65, P < 0.05 respectively).ConclusionEpileptiform activities even without epilepsy in preschool children may alter normal language function. Specific language impairment was associated with lower intelligence quotient levels, social, and cognitive age.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04141332
Highlights
Specific language impairment (SLI) is characterized by delayed or impaired language development in children with no primary physical disabilities, neurological disorder, or mental illness [1]
Specific language impairment was associated with lower intelligence quotient levels, social, and cognitive age
Edward Faught and colleagues 2018 reported that interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) causes a chain of events that resulted in brain dysfunction [13]
Summary
Specific language impairment (SLI) is characterized by delayed or impaired language development in children with no primary physical disabilities, neurological disorder, or mental illness [1]. Multifactorial elements were incriminated in the development of SLI as a social, environmental, and Cognitive functions were found to be affected greatly among children with epilepsy [7]. Epileptiform activities (EPFA) can cause transient or permanent deficits with higher effects in children during development more than in a mature brain [9]. In these patients, interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) (spikes) are found on electroencephalography (EEG) and believed to be accompanied by temporary cognitive impairments. Epileptiform activities can cause transient or permanent deficits that affect the children during development and may be accompanied by neurodevelopmental disorders like specific language impairment
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