Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphisms are associated with reduced eNOS activity and nitric oxide (NO) production leading to an increase in blood pressure (BP). Regular exercise is the main strategy to minimize the deleterious effects of polymorphisms. However, due to the differences that physical exercise can be performed, some controversial results are found. Therefore it seems reasonable to evaluate the training status (TS). Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of eNOS gene haplotypes and different levels of TS on nitrite concentrations (NO2-) and BP values in older adult. 424 elderly performed the following assessments: General Functional Fitness Index (GFFI) to estimate TS, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), blood collection for analysis of NO2- and g.-786T>C, intron 4b/a (VNTR) and 894G>T polymorphisms. Multivariate logistic regression showed that NO2- was influenced by GFFI and 4b/4a Intron 4. Regarding BP, GFFI influenced SBP and DBP, and just intron 4 was associated with variations in DBP. It can be observed that GFFI affected the NO2-, SBP and DBP independently of haplotypes. Therefore, maintenance of good level of TS can overcome the negative influence of genetics factors (intron 4) by increasing NO2- concentration and decreasing BP values.
Highlights
Life expectancy as well as health problems have been increasing worldwide, especially cardiovascular diseases [1]
Since endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is related to an important pathway of cardiovascular control, the presence of variant allele polymorphisms in the gene that codes for eNOS could interfere directly in blood pressure (BP) values [5]
Individuals from extension programs and retired community associations linked to the São Paulo State University (UNESP)—Bauru/ SP/ Brazil and the University of São Paulo (USP)– Ribeirão Preto/SP/Brazil were invited to participate in this study
Summary
Life expectancy as well as health problems have been increasing worldwide, especially cardiovascular diseases [1]. Estimated training status and eNOS polymorphism cardiovascular diseases [1, 2] and its etiology is multifactorial, including genetic factors. Evidence supports the theory that several polymorphisms contribute to variations in the concentrations of some substances which influence blood pressure (BP) values. In this regard, the polymorphisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) can influence nitric oxide (NO) formation, a powerful vasodilator with a critical role in BP control [3, 4]. Since eNOS is related to an important pathway of cardiovascular control, the presence of variant allele polymorphisms in the gene that codes for eNOS could interfere directly in BP values [5]
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