Abstract
Objective: Tooth decay or the caries process is a common dental problem that affects millions of people worldwide. Many risk factors are modifiable,while others are not (e.g., genetic factors). Polymorphism of the enamelin (ENAM) gene, which is required to ensure production of an essentialprotein for enamel development, may pose as a risk factor for the caries process. This study sought to investigate the possibility of ENAM C2452Tpolymorphism acting as a risk factor in the caries process.Methods: The polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method was employed to evaluate DNA samples taken from 95subjects with a high caries prevalence and 89 control subjects for ENAM C2452T polymorphism.Results: Based on Chi-squared tests, there were significant genotype and allele distribution differences between the group with a high cariesprevalence and the control group (p=0.005 and p=0.007). Polymorphism in this context may, therefore, serve as a risk factor for caries onset andprogression (OR: 3.62).Conclusion: ENAM C2452T polymorphism is related to the caries process and may constitute a risk factor.
Highlights
According to the United States (US) National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, roughly 92% of adults aged 20–64 years show tooth decay on their permanent teeth [1]
The polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method was employed to evaluate DNA samples taken from 95 subjects with a high caries prevalence and 89 control subjects for ENAM C2452T polymorphism
ENAM C2452T polymorphism is related to the caries process and may constitute a risk factor
Summary
According to the United States (US) National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, roughly 92% of adults aged 20–64 years show tooth decay on their permanent teeth [1]. Among this population, 26% do not receive regular dental care. Caries itself can be categorized as either occurring at a high rate or a low rate using the decayed-missing-filled (DMFT) index (for permanent teeth) or decayed-extracted-filled teeth (def-t) index (for deciduous teeth). Both indices consider the presence of decayed, missing, and filled teeth, with a score of 10 points for DMFT or 4.5 points for def-t being the cutoff values for high caries occurrence versus low occurrence [5]
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