Association of Dietary Intake Ratio of n-3/n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Breast Cancer Risk in Western and Asian Countries: A Meta-Analysis

Ricvan Dana Nindrea,Lutfan Lazuardi,Teguh Aryandono,Iwan Dwiprahasto

doi:10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.5.1321

Ricvan Dana Nindrea, Lutfan Lazuardi + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.5.1321

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Abstract

Objective:This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine association of dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with breast cancer risk in Western and Asian countries.Methods:The authors conducted a meta-analysis of published research articles on association of dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with breast cancer risk in Western and Asian countries published between January 2000 and February 2019 in online article databases of PubMed, ProQuest and EBSCO. Pooled risk ratios (RR) were calculated using fixed and random-effect models. Publication bias was visually evaluated by performing funnel plots and statistically assessed by Egger’s and Begg’s tests. Data were processed by using Stata version 14.2 (Stata Corporation).Results:This study reviewed 913 articles. There were 13 studies included in systematic review continued by meta-analysis of relevant data with total number of samples: 275,264 patients. The results showed dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs with breast cancer risk in Western and Asian countries (RR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.92-1.07). Dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs with breast cancer risk in Western countries reached (RR = 0.98; 95%CI: 0.91-1.06) and there was any significant publication bias for studies included. Dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs with breast cancer risk in Asian countries reached (RR = 1.18; 95%CI: 0.94-1.47) and there was not any significant publication bias for studies included.Conclusion:This analysis confirmed association of dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs with breast cancer risk in Western and Asian countries. Higher dietary intake ratio is associated with lower risk of breast cancer in Asian countries rather than Western countries. This study suggests increasing dietary intake ratio n-3/n-6 PUFAs will provide benefit for breast cancer prevention.

Highlights

Breast cancer has become a major health problem in developing and developed countries
The authors conducted a meta-analysis of published research articles on association of dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with breast cancer risk in Western and Asian countries published between January 2000 and February 2019 in online article databases of PubMed, ProQuest and EBSCO
The results showed dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs with breast cancer risk in Western and Asian countries (RR = 0.99; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.92-1.07)

Summary

Introduction

Breast cancer has become a major health problem in developing and developed countries. The increase of breast cancer incidence in western countries is higher compared to low-risk ones such as Japan, Singapore and urban areas in China. The role of dietary factors in the risk of breast cancer has been the focus in several epidemiological studies. Breast cancer incidence in Asian women is lower than Western women due to high consumption of fish oil. This study shows that environmental factors and changes in eating habits contribute to the rise of breast cancer risk. These findings provide preliminary evidence that environmental factors, such as diet, may change the disease risk factors (MacLennan and Ma, 2010; Nindrea et al, 2018; Nindrea et al, 2019)

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Conclusion