Association of Depression With Functional Mobility in Schizophrenia.

Jiheon Kim,Do Hoon Kim,Hwa-Bock Lee,Chan-Hyung Kim,Ji-Hyeon Shin,Jeh-Kwang Ryu,Daeyoung Roh,Sang-Kyu Lee,Jae Hoon Jung

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00854

Abstract

BackgroundFunctional immobility can cause functional disability in patients with schizophrenia and has been linked to prognosis and mortality. Although depression might be a barrier for physical activity engagement, scarce data are present on the relationship between depression and functional mobility (FM) in schizophrenia. Thus, we aimed to investigate the associations among FM, depression, and other clinical correlates in individuals with schizophrenia.MethodsFM was evaluated by the pedometer-assessed daily steps and Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test in the daily-living and clinical settings, respectively. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Sternberg Working Memory (SWM) Task. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify predictive factors associated with FM, with adjustment for relevant covariates.ResultsSixty patients were enrolled in this study. Depression was the most consistent explanatory variable for both pedometer (β = −0.34, p = 0.011) and TUG time (β = 0.32, p = 0.018). Additionally, SWM accuracy (β = −0.29, p = 0.018), BPRS-Withdrawal (β = 0.19, p = 0.139), and fasting blood sugar (β = 0.34, p = 0.008) were associated with TUG time. However, psychotic symptoms and anxiety were not associated with pedometer and TUG.ConclusionsWe identified an association between depression and FM after adjusting for other disorder-related correlates in schizophrenia. Since the intervention goal is functional recovery, improving FM by treating depression may have considerable therapeutic value.

Highlights

Psychotic symptoms are a key feature of schizophrenia, the most costly problem in this condition is significant functional disability [1]
The Pearson correlation coefficients showed that the pedometer values was the mean number of steps per day, which were significantly positively correlated with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) (p = 0.033) and Quality of Life Scale (QOL) (p = 0.047) scores, but significantly negatively correlated with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)-Total (p = 0.038) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (p = 0.011) scores
The Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test times were significantly positively correlated with FBS (p = 0.031), as well as with the BPRS-Withdrawal (p = 0.008), BDI (p = 0.010), and Trait Anxiety Inventory (p = 0.026) scores; the TUG test times were significantly negatively correlated with the Sternberg Working Memory (SWM) correct rate (p = 0.011)

Summary

Introduction

Psychotic symptoms are a key feature of schizophrenia, the most costly problem in this condition is significant functional disability [1]. One of the main causes of functional disability in patients with schizophrenia is impairment in functional mobility (FM) [2]. Because FM enables functional living, including the ability to perform activities of daily living [3], it is necessary to focus on FM in schizophrenia. There is evidence showing that FM predicts overall health decline and disability in activities of daily living [10]. Based on these studies, FM can be directly linked to the prognosis and mortality of schizophrenia in the long term. Functional immobility can cause functional disability in patients with schizophrenia and has been linked to prognosis and mortality. We aimed to investigate the associations among FM, depression, and other clinical correlates in individuals with schizophrenia

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion