Association of Cytokine TNF-? in Development of Osteoarthritis: A Comprehensive Study

A Amitkumar,Ajai Singh,Habiba Khan,Md Arshad,Suchit Swaroop

doi:10.18311/jeoh/2018/21447

Abstract

Osteo-Arthritis (OA) is a disease of joints affecting the normal functions of joint and causes physical disability. Many factors are responsible for development of osteoarthritis including over age, obesity, gender, drug abuse, over load on joints and genetic factors. OA causes health problems and impairs the quality of life with increased economic burden across the world. Apart from the pro-inflammatory role of cytokine Interleukin-1 (IL-1) in osteoarthritis, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is also involved in the progression of osteoarthritis. Members of TNF family are secreted from lymphocytes and natural killer cells but in OA patients it is also secreted from chondrocyte cells to influence the catabolic processes in Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM) by inducing the activity of matrix metaloproteinases (MMPs). In promoter region, most of the Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TNF-α located on -863, -857, -308, and -238. These SNPs are involved in various diseases including OA, rheumatoid Arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus etc. Significance association of SNP -G308A of the TNF-α gene in OA has been observed in various studies. Aim of this mini review is to conclude the fundamental roles of TNF-α cytokine in patients with OA.

Highlights

Osteoarthritis is age related joint disease that adversely affects the normal daily activities of life in elderly population
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which plays a role in pathophysiology of OA34
The binding of TNF-α to TNFR1 leads to interaction of carboxyl terminus (Death Domain) with adapter proteins such as TRADD, TRAF, c-IAP1, c-IAP2 and RIP16

Summary

Introduction

Osteoarthritis is age related joint disease that adversely affects the normal daily activities of life in elderly population. It is marked by continuous breakdown of articular cartilage and other components of joints[1]. It can be very difficult to understand about concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines because some patients show high concentrations whereas in others show low concentrations. High levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in synovial fluid of OA patients indicate the breakdown of cartilage and progression of disease[18].

Role of TNF-α in Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis

Gene Variants of TNF-α in Osteoarthritis

Conclusion