Association of Coronary Artery Disease with Hypertension, Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Background: It is well known that patients with chronic hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM) and kidney disease (CKD) have a strong risk of coronary artery disease. However, the excess risk of coronary artery disease in patients with CKD is only somewhat explained by the presence of traditional risk factors, such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Objective: To find out the association between coronary artery diseases who have hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in a Tertiary medical college Bangladesh, the department of Cardiology, Dhaka Medical College, Bangladesh during the period from July 2021 to June 2022. Total 150 patients with coronary artery disease were included as the study subjects for this study. Results: The majority of patients were above 60 years (49%), and 40-59 years old (37%), followed by 18-39 years (35%). The female patients (n=79) were 65.3%% and male patients (n=42) were 34.7%. Gender, age and DM, P value was significant with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease among coronary artery disease patients. Hypertension and DM also significant with predictors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on a representative sample of adults. Conclusion: In Bangladesh, coronary artery disease is currently a serious public health issue. The increased rate of CAD is assumed to be caused by rapid lifestyle changes, harmful behaviors like smoking and sedentary behavior, economic development, nutritional variables, and a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and CKD. To get more granular results, we would advise conducting comparable more experiments with bigger samples in more places.