Abstract
BackgroundCoronary heart disease (CHD) is a complex disease caused by multi-factors and a major threat to human health. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have critical roles in various biological processes and diseases. This study explores the independent role of circRNAs and their interaction with environmental factors in CHD.MethodsA case–control study was conducted from March 2015 to September 2017 in Fuzhou, China. A total of 585 CHD patients and 585 gender- and age-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Questionnaire survey, health examination and molecular biology laboratory testing were conducted. Microarray technology and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to profile the expression levels of circRNAs. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to determine the diagnostic cut-offs. Multivariate logistic regression and multiplicative analysis were used to analyse the effects of environmental factors and hsa_circ_0008507, hsa_circ_0001946, hsa_circ_0000284 and hsa_circ_0125589 on CHD.ResultsThe expression profile of circRNAs showed that 3423 circRNAs were differentially expressed at P < 0.05, but none pass multiple testing correction. qRT-PCR further confirmed the expression levels of hsa_circ_0008507, hsa_circ_0001946 and hsa_circ_0000284 in peripheral blood leukocytes in CHD cases were higher than those in non-CHD subjects (All p < 0.05). Hsa_circ_0008507 (OR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11–1.50), hsa_circ_0001946 (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01–1.42) and hsa_circ_0000284 (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.32–3.19) were independent risk factors for CHD after controlling other common environmental risk factors. The AUC for hsa_circ_0008507, hsa_circ_0001946 and hsa_circ_0000284 was 0.75, 0.71 and 0.68, respectively. Compared with non-smoking individuals with low hsa_circ_0008507 expression, the smokers with high hsa_circ_0008507 expression showed the highest magnitude of OR in CHD risk. Additionally, a statistically significant multiplicative interaction was found between hsa_circ_0008507 and smoking for CHD.ConclusionsHsa_circ_0008507, hsa_circ_0001946 and hsa_circ_0000284 were closely related to the occurrence and development of CHD. The combination of smoking and high hsa_circ_0008507 expression causes the occurrence and development of CHD.
Highlights
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a complex disease caused by multi-factors and a major threat to human health
CHD was defined using the following criteria: (1) significant stenosis (≥ 50%) of > 1 major coronary artery was confirmed by present cardiac catheterisation, (2) documented history of prior myocardial infarction (MI) and a prior coronary revascularisation procedure, (3) patients in the stable stage after acute MI and patients with ST-segment elevation/depression on ECG
Significant increased risk effects for CHD were associated with anxiety {odds ratio (OR) = 2.34; 95% confidence interval: 1.67–3.28} and being overweight (BMI ≥ 24.00) {OR = 1.47; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.13–1.91}
Summary
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a complex disease caused by multi-factors and a major threat to human health. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have critical roles in various biological processes and diseases. This study explores the independent role of circRNAs and their interaction with environmental factors in CHD. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading global cause of death with annually increasing mortality and morbidity [1, 2]. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are currently noticeable in the field of RNA. They form covalently fused loops, where the RNA’s 5′ end fuses to its 3′ end and removes the 5′ Cap and poly(A) tail [10]. Despite the important role of circRNAs in the development of CHD, their relative contributions and interaction with environmental factors to CHD remain largely unknown
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