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Abstract
BackgroundTo determine the relationships between regional white matter lesions (WMLs), lifestyle factors, and cognitive, motor function and mood.MethodsA comprehensive evaluation, including brain MRI, blood tests, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, the Mini Mental State Examination, and the Geriatric Depression Scale, was performed for people aged 65 years or older living in Ama-cho on October 1, 2009. Participants were classified by severity of periventricular hyperintensities (PVH) and deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMH) using the Fazekas score.ResultsOf 900 eligible participants, 688 (76.4%) were enrolled, including 303 men. Significant predictors of severe PVH were older age, lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, elevated blood pressure (BP), cerebral infarction, and no current alcohol use. Significant predictors of severe DWMH were older age, lower 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) levels, elevated BP, cerebral infarction, and no current alcohol use. Higher cognitive function was associated with younger age, female sex, mild DWMH, more years of education, and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Depressive symptoms were associated with lower 1,5-AG levels, lower LDL-C levels, moderate to severe PVH, and no current alcohol use.ConclusionsWhite matter lesions in elderly people were related to hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance. The severity of WMLs was associated with cognitive function and mood.
Highlights
Large increases in the number of elderly people with cerebrovascular disorders and dementia in Japan have created significant economic and personal burdens
We revealed that older age, lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP), presence of cerebral infarction, and no current alcohol use were significant predictors of severe periventricular hyperintensities (PVH) (Table 2)
We revealed that older age, lower 1,5-AG, elevated SBP, presence of cerebral infarction, and lack of current alcohol use were significant independent predictors of severe deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMH) (Table 4)
Summary
Large increases in the number of elderly people with cerebrovascular disorders and dementia in Japan have created significant economic and personal burdens Dementias, such as Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia, are the main causes of functional decline in the elderly, and cerebrovascular disorder is a major source of bedridden state (Yoshida et al 2012). Prevention of these disorders is important for elderly people to maintain their ability to perform activities of daily living and a good quality of life. The dominant type of ischemic stroke in Japan differs from it in Western countries (Ueshima et al.2008). To determine the relationships between regional white matter lesions (WMLs), lifestyle factors, and cognitive, motor function and mood
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