Association of cardiovascular risk factors with biological age

Abstract

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine Background Identifying reliable biomarkers of early ageing is an important goal for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Chronological age (CA) is an essential risk factor for age-related disease including CVD. Biological age (BA) may be a more accurate metric for the risk of CVD and prediction of early vascular ageing, atherosclerosis. Available data allow us to judge the relationship of early ageing with all-cause mortality, healthspan and CVD. There is a hypothesis that BA can be used into models of risk prediction and stratification of CVD for personalized treatment. Purpose to determine the relationship between BA and factors of risk CVD in patients of different ages without clinical manifestations CVD. Methods We selected 102 patients aged 31–60 years with moderate cardiovascular risk without clinical symptoms of CVD. The patients did not receive regular drug therapy. Consenting subjects had a physical assessment, anthropometric measurements, electrocardiogram recording, blood sampling for laboratory analyses, including analysis of telomerase activity, telomere length in leukocytes and buccal epithelium by a polymerase chain reaction in real-time. The SCORE scale was used for evaluation of the 10-year risk of fatal stroke and fatal myocardial infarction. In addition, 40 control individuals aged 31–60 years (20 men and 20 women), were also included in the study. BA was determined by 3 methods: PhenoAge, Voitenko’s method and Gorelkin-Pinhasov’s method. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to develop a prediction of the early ageing model. Results The comparing patients of the control and main groups of the same CA shows, that patients with CVD risk have significantly higher BA, higher levels of proatherogenic lipids and shorter telomere length of the buccal epithelium. It was determined that body mass index, blood pressure, glucose levels are associated with an increase in BA in the main and the control groups. The increase of BA in the control group was associated with smoking, telomere length and telomerase activity and the level of antioxidant protection, in patients of the main group premature aging was associated with impaired lipid metabolism. Conclusion The biomarkers of biological aging can have benefits of the early identification of persons who age "faster" than others. The possibility of measuring biological aging can allow the assessment of health status at a time when there are still no symptoms, and interventions are more likely to be effective.