Association of breastfeeding and gestational diabetes mellitus with the prevalence of prediabetes and the metabolic syndrome in offspring of Hispanic mothers.

Abstract

The effects of breastfeeding (BF) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes mellitus in children exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in utero have rarely been evaluated. This study assessed BF and GDM in relation to the prevalence of prediabetes and MetS in Hispanic children and adolescents (8-19y). This is a longitudinal study with 229 Hispanic children (8-13y) with overweight/obesity, family history of diabetes, and an average of four annual visits (AV). Participants were categorized as follows: never (negative for prediabetes/MetS at all AVs), ever (positive for prediabetes/MetS at any visit), intermittent (positive for prediabetes/MetS at 1-2 AVs), and persistent (positive for prediabetes/MetS at greater than or equal to 3 AVs). Compared with GDM offspring who were not BF (referent), GDM offspring who were BF had lower odds of persistent prediabetes (OR=0.18; 95% CI, 0.04-0.82; P=0.02) and MetS (OR=0.10; 95% CI, 0.02-0.55; P=0.008). Compared with referent group, non-GDM offspring who were BF, and non-GDM offspring not BF had lower odds of persistent prediabetes (OR=0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.39; P=0.001; OR=0.05; 95% CI, 0.01-0.11; P<0.001) and MetS (OR=0.14; 95% CI, 0.04-0.59; P=0.01 and OR=0.04; 95% CI, 0.01-0.11; P<0.001). These results show BF is protective against prediabetes and MetS in offspring regardless of GDM status.