Association of Blood Subgroups With PCR Test Positivity and Lung Involvement in Patients With COVID-19.

Guven Yildirim,Selda Gunaydın,Guliz Ozgen Hergul,Omer Hizli,Yonca Coluk,Elif Baysal

doi:10.7759/cureus.14172

Abstract

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to investigate whether blood group type caused susceptibility to COVID-19 infection.MethodsTwo hundred and eleven consecutive patients admitted with various symptoms associated with COVID-19 were included. We compared the AB0 and Rh subgroup distributions between patients with a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result and the patients without. We compared the AB0 and Rh subgroup distributions between patients with lung involvement and patients without. Additionally, comparisons were performed between the patients both with positive PCR result and lung involvement, and the patients with a negative PCR result.ResultsNo significant difference of ABO and Rh subgroup distributions was evident between patients with and without a positive PCR test result (p=0.632 and p=0.962). No significant difference of ABO and Rh subgroup distributions was evident between the patients with and without lung involvement (p=0.097 and p=0.797). No significant difference of ABO and Rh subgroup distributions was evident among patients both with PCR positivity and lung involvement, patients with only PCR positivity, and the patients with negative PCR test results (p=0.3 and p=0.993).ConclusionAll blood group types seem to have an equal risk of COVID-19 infection. Everyone should follow the precautions to avoid the COVID-19 infection.

Highlights

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses causing mild, self-limiting infections common in the general population, like common cold, more serious infections such as middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) [1]
No significant difference of ABO and Rh subgroup distributions was evident between patients with and without a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result (p=0.632 and p=0.962)
No significant difference of ABO and Rh subgroup distributions was evident among patients both with PCR positivity and lung involvement, patients with only PCR positivity, and the patients with negative PCR test results (p=0.3 and p=0.993)

Summary

Introduction

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses causing mild, self-limiting infections common in the general population, like common cold, more serious infections such as middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) [1]. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 subtype of coronavirus was declared as a pandemic in March 2020 by World Health Organization [2]. Risk factors that may create susceptibility to COVID-19 were investigated in various studies. The effects of ABO and Rh blood subgroup differences on the characteristic of the disease in patients with COVID-19 are still a matter of debate. There exist a limited number of studies investigating the association of COVID-19 with blood groups [4,5,6,7]

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Conclusion