Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the independent association of bed time use of social media among elementary school teachers and disturbed sleep while controlling for potential covariates. Materials and Methods: Hundred eighty-three male and 223 female teachers from Jeddah governmental schools participated in the present cross-sectional study. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess teachers’ quality of sleep. The independent t- test and one-way ANOVA were used to examine the linkage between sleep quality and participants characteristics, including demographics, health related behavioral characteristics, teaching related activities, associated health problems, as well as bed time use of social media. Multiple Enter linear regression analysis was performed to identify variables with higher predictive power of sleep quality. Results: Mean ± SD age of the sampled teachers was 39.87 ± 6.08. The PSQI indicated poor sleep quality (global score, mean ± SD was 8.0±3.91). Positive association was found between poor sleep and both frequency and volume of near bed time usage of social media. Regression model showed that in addition to social media use, having comorbid condition or consumption of caffeine containing drinks strongly predicted bad sleep (p
Highlights
IntroductionThe use of social media has increased radically over the past decade, emerging as an important part of people’s everyday lives, enabling them to create and maintain efficient friendships, as well as performing different activities, such as sharing videos/pictures, blogging, dating, and game playing in real-time.[1,2] Users can access social media on a diverse range of platforms including: Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, Snapchat, Google Plus, Reddit, Tumblr, Pinterest, Vine, and LinkedIn.[3]To date, no consensus has been reached about the definitions or differentiation between online problematic social media use or dependence.[1,4] researchers have suggested that both online problematic use and Internet dependence refers to poor self-regulation on using online social networking.[4]There is growing evidence to propose the association between the use of electronic social media and sleep disorders.[5,6,7,8] The use of social media near bedtime has been known to influence poor sleep, either due to increased anxiety or depression at bedtime, as a consequence of negative interactions experience or owing to the disturbance of normal sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms attributed to the emission of short-wavelength-enriched light from several devices used for social networking.[9,10,11]
Study group characteristics A total of 406 elementary school teachers participated in this study
50% of the teachers spent more than 5 years in teaching, 29.7% spent between 1-5 years, and 13.1% spent less than one year
Summary
The use of social media has increased radically over the past decade, emerging as an important part of people’s everyday lives, enabling them to create and maintain efficient friendships, as well as performing different activities, such as sharing videos/pictures, blogging, dating, and game playing in real-time.[1,2] Users can access social media on a diverse range of platforms including: Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, Snapchat, Google Plus, Reddit, Tumblr, Pinterest, Vine, and LinkedIn.[3]To date, no consensus has been reached about the definitions or differentiation between online problematic social media use or dependence.[1,4] researchers have suggested that both online problematic use and Internet dependence refers to poor self-regulation on using online social networking.[4]There is growing evidence to propose the association between the use of electronic social media and sleep disorders.[5,6,7,8] The use of social media near bedtime has been known to influence poor sleep, either due to increased anxiety or depression at bedtime, as a consequence of negative interactions experience or owing to the disturbance of normal sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms attributed to the emission of short-wavelength-enriched light from several devices used for social networking.[9,10,11]. No consensus has been reached about the definitions or differentiation between online problematic social media use or dependence.[1,4] researchers have suggested that both online problematic use and Internet dependence refers to poor self-regulation on using online social networking.[4]. There is growing evidence to propose the association between the use of electronic social media and sleep disorders.[5,6,7,8] The use of social media near bedtime has been known to influence poor sleep, either due to increased anxiety or depression at bedtime, as a consequence of negative interactions experience or owing to the disturbance of normal sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms attributed to the emission of short-wavelength-enriched light from several devices used for social networking.[9,10,11]
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