Association of Baseline Renal Function with Mortality in Patients with Sepsis Requiring Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy for Acute Kidney Injury: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Abstract

Introduction: To date, the prognosis of patients with sepsis and underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD) had been poor. However, the impact of preseptic renal function on the short-term prognosis of patients with extremely severe septic shock with acute kidney injury (AKI) that requires renal replacement therapy (RRT) is unclear. Methods: Of the septic shock cases treated at the intensive care unit for ≥48 h, 131 adults who were diagnosed as septic AKI and underwent continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration were retrospectively analyzed. The relationships of demographic, clinical, and laboratory data with mortality were evaluated, and the independent risk factors for death were identified. Results: The median age of the subjects was 73 (range, 63–80) years, and 76 (58%) were men. The rate of mortality was significantly higher among patients with CKD (n = 42) than in those without CKD (n = 89) (43% vs. 22%, p < 0.016). On univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, the associated factors and independent predictors of death were Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (odds ratios [ORs] 1.151, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.026–1.293, p = 0.017, and OR 1.129, 95% CI 1.003–1.271, respectively); baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR 0.986, 95% CI 0.975–0.997, p = 0.016, and OR 0.983, 95% CI 0.970–0.996, respectively); and lactic acid (OR 1.094, 95% CI 1.005–1.190, p = 0.038, and OR 1.110 CI 1.015–1.215, respectively). Conclusion: Reduced baseline renal function may be a factor for poor short-term prognosis in severe septic AKI cases requiring RRT.