Abstract
IntroductionAnti-nucleosome and anti-C1q antibodies demonstrated an association with the development of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Some investigators have proposed that monitoring anti-C1q and anti-nucleosome antibodies might be valuable for making predictions about lupus nephritis (LN) and assessment of disease activity as a non-invasive biological marker of renal disease.ObjectivesThe current study was proposed to investigate the presence of anti-C1q and anti-nucleosome antibodies in the sera of Egyptian patients with SLE and their association with LN.MethodsEighty patients with SLE were included. Patients were classified into, a LN group including 40 cases with active LN (based on the results of renal biopsy and renal SLEDAI≥4) and a non renal SLE group including 40 patients (with no clinical or laboratory evidence of renal involvement that were attributed in the past or present to SLE). They were subjected to full medical history taking, clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations, measurement of antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-ds DNA, anti-C1q & anti-nucleosome antibodies.ResultsAnti-C1q antibody showed a statistically significant association with the presence of vasculitis and nephritis while anti-nucleosome antibody didn’t show a significant association with the presence of any clinical features. Double positivity of anti-nucleosome and anti-C1q antibodies showed a statistically significant association with the presence of vasculitis and photosensitivity, high ECLAM score, elevated ESR, low serum albumin and low C3 levels.ConclusionSerum anti-C1q antibody has a significant association with LN while double positive antibodies have a significant association with vasculitis and low C3 levels in Egyptian patients with SLE.
Highlights
Anti-nucleosome and anti-C1q antibodies demonstrated an association with the development of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Patients were classified into two groups, group (I) which included 40 cases with active lupus nephritis (LN) [based on the results of kidney biopsy and renal systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index ≥4] and group (II) which included 40 age matched SLE patients without LN [with no evidence of major renal manifestations that were attributed in the past or present to SLE disease and with normal serum creatinine and urine sediment]
Statistically significant differences were found between both groups in the following variables: European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement (ECLAM) score, serum albumin, serum creatinine, low C3 & C4 and anti-C1q antibody positivity
Summary
Anti-nucleosome and anti-C1q antibodies demonstrated an association with the development of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Some investigators have proposed that monitoring antiC1q and anti-nucleosome antibodies might be valuable for making predictions about lupus nephritis (LN) and assessment of disease activity as a non-invasive biological marker of renal disease. Some investigators have proposed that monitoring anti-C1q might be valuable for the clinical management of SLE patients as a non-invasive biological marker of renal disease [13]. A Brazilian study on SLE patients confirmed the association of anti-C1q antibodies with nephritis and disease activity [14]. Another autoantibody that has been proposed to be linked to the occurrence of glomerulonephritis in lupus is antinucleosome antibody [15]. The current work was carried out to investigate the association of both anti-nucleosome and anti-C1q antibodies with the occurrence of lupus nephritis
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