Association of age-related macular degeneration with erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes activity and serum total antioxidant status.

Ivna Plestina-Borjan,Daniela Supe-Domic,Damir Katusic,Kajo Bucan,Leida Tandara,Maria Medvidovic-Grubisic,Veljko Rogosic

doi:10.1155/2015/804054

Abstract

The aim was to estimate association of the oxidative stress with the occurrence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) and additionally serum total antioxidant status (TAS) were used as indicators of the oxidative stress level. 57 AMD patients (32 early and 25 late AMD) and 50 healthy, age and gender matched controls were included. GPx activity (P < 0.001) and serum TAS (P = 0.015) were significantly lower in AMD patients. The difference was not significant for SOD or CAT activities. Significant interaction between GPx and SOD was detected (P = 0.003). At high levels of SOD activity (over 75th percentile), one standard deviation decrease in GPx increases the odds for AMD for six times (OR = 6.22; P < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed that combined values of GPx activity and TAS are significant determinants of AMD status. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 75%, 95%, 52%, 69%, and 90%, respectively. The study showed that low GPx activity and TAS are associated with AMD. SOD modulates the association of GPx and AMD. The results suggest that erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes activity and serum TAS could be promising markers for the prediction of AMD.

Highlights

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of legal blindness among people over 55 years in the Western countries and the third cause of blindness globally [1, 2]
The results suggest that erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes activity and serum total antioxidant status (TAS) could be promising markers for the prediction of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was significantly lower in subjects with AMD compared to controls by 15 U/g Hb (P < 0.001) (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of legal blindness among people over 55 years in the Western countries and the third cause of blindness globally [1, 2] It is a progressive, binocular disorder that affects nearly 20% of the population between 65 and 75 years of age and 35% over the age of 75 [3, 4]. According to the latest data from the World Health Organization (WHO), 14 million people worldwide are blind or severely visually impaired due to AMD [1]. These numbers are especially alarming given the increasing proportion of elderly people in the population. There are no any available treatments for dry form, which accounts 90% of AMD cases

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