Abstract
BackgroundThe insertion (I) rather than deletion (D) of human angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE) is associated with lower circulating ACE activity and with endurance performance among Caucasians. The frequency of the ACE gene I/D allele in Iranian sample seems to be more similar to the Caucasians. To assess the possible relationship between I/D polymorphism of ACE gene with athletic status and selected cardiovascular indices and VO2max in an Iranian population, DNA samples were obtained from 57 trained and untrained men, with soccer as their main training modality. Genotyping for ACE I/D polymorphism was performed using polymerase chain reaction. VO2max was determined by an incremental test to volitional exhaustion on a motorized treadmill.ResultsI/D genotype was neither associated with elite athlete status nor with VO2max, resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There was no interaction effect of training statue x ACE genotype for each of the examined indices.ConclusionsACE gene variation was not a determinant of cardiovascular function and VO2max in either trained or untrained Iranian participating in soccer. The absence of an association between either I/D genotype and elite Iranian athlete status and better cardiovascular function also suggests that the ACE gene does not contribute significantly to the phenomenal success of Iranian soccer players.
Highlights
Vigorous regular physical exercise is related with physiological cardiovascular adaptations that lead to heart modification which improve physical performance
Progressing endurance, having a lower resting heart rate and a stronger heart volume are all valid physiological indicators of the cardiovascular system’s ability to adjust to physical overload in well-trained athletes [1]; the type of exercise performed is a great determinant of cardiovascular response to exercise [2]
In intron 16 of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE) gene, a polymorphism consisting in the presence or absence of the 287-bp Alu sequence has been detected
Summary
Vigorous regular physical exercise is related with physiological cardiovascular adaptations that lead to heart modification which improve physical performance. Soccer is a high-intensity endurance sport that needs intermittent and random bouts of powerful anaerobic activities [3]. The genetic effect of VO2max is about 50% [4]; but, the role of genetics in the achievement of world class status and high athletic performance is not established yet [5]. The insertion (I) rather than deletion (D) of human angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE) is associated with lower circulating ACE activity and with endurance performance among Caucasians. To assess the possible relationship between I/D polymorphism of ACE gene with athletic status and selected cardiovascular indices and VO2max in an Iranian population, DNA samples were obtained from 57 trained and untrained men, with soccer as their main training modality. VO2max was determined by an incremental test to volitional exhaustion on a motorized treadmill
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