Association between Vitamin D Insufficiency and Elevated Serum Uric Acid among Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Han Women

Shannon M Hawkins,Hao Peng,Xiangqin Chao,Hongmei Li,Yonghong Zhang,Qiu Zhang,Chao Li

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061159

Abstract

BackgroundAssociation between vitamin D insufficiency and hyperuricemia has not been reported so far. We aimed to study the association of vitamin D insufficiency with elevated serum uric acid among middle-aged and elderly Chinese Han women.MethodsWe collected data from participants residing in Jinchang district of Suzhou from January to May, 2010. Serum uric acid, 25-hydroxy vitamin D and other traditional biomarkers including fasting plasma glucose and blood lipids were determined in 1726 women aged above 30 years. Association between vitamin D insufficiency and elevated uric acid was analyzed in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively.ResultsAmong postmenopausal women, 25-hydroxy vitamin D level of participants with elevated uric acid was lower than that of those with normal uric acid (median [interquartile range]: 35[28–57] vs 40[32–58], µg/L; P = 0.006). Elevated uric acid was more prevalent in participants with vitamin D insufficiency compared to those without vitamin D insufficiency (16.50% vs 8.08%; P<0.001). Association between vitamin D insufficiency and elevated uric acid was not significant among premenopausal women. However, participants with vitamin D insufficiency were more likely to have elevated uric acid compared with those without vitamin D insufficiency among postmenopausal women (OR, 95% CI: 2.38, 1.47–3.87). Moreover, after excluding individuals with diabetes and/or hypertension, the association of vitamin D insufficiency with elevated uric acid was still significant (OR, 95% CI: 2.48, 1.17–5.44).ConclusionsVitamin D insufficiency was significantly associated with elevated uric acid among postmenopausal Chinese Han women. This study suggested that a clinical trial should be conducted to confirm the association of vitamin D insufficiency with hyperuricemia.

Highlights

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a global public health burden, is increasingly prevalent [1]
Among 1726 women (54.00610.39 years) included in current analysis, 858 (49.71%) participants aged below 55 years were considered to be premenopausal and 868 (50.29%) participants aged over 55 years were considered to be postmenopausal. 86 premenopausal women were considered to have elevated serum uric acid (SUA) and 87 postmenopausal women were considered to have elevated SUA
Total cholesterol (TC) level in individuals with elevated SUA was higher than that in participants with normal SUA among premenopausal women, but there was no significant difference in TC level between the two groups among postmenopausal women than in those with normal SUA

Summary

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a global public health burden, is increasingly prevalent [1]. Some previous studies found that vitamin D deficiency was an independent risk factor for CVD [4] and a predictor of chronic kidney diseases [5]. A previous clinical trial in postmenopausal women indicated that parathyroid hormone increased the incidence of hyperuricemia [10]. All these evidences suggested an inverse association between circulating 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and elevated SUA. We examined serum 25(OH)D and SUA for 1726 Chinese Han women aged above 30 years in Suzhou and studied the association between vitamin D insufficiency and elevated SUA in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively. We aimed to study the association of vitamin D insufficiency with elevated serum uric acid among middle-aged and elderly Chinese Han women

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Results

Conclusion