Abstract
Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS) is a fungal infection affecting 60–65% of denture wearers. Its etiology is complex and multifactorial and often associated with host immunodeficiency. Evidence exists that vitamin D has potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this case–control study was to assess the association between vitamin D levels and CADS. The study included 32 complete denture wearers with CADS and 32 sex- and age-matched complete denture wearers without CADS. The patients were clinically examined, and the severity of denture stomatitis was assessed according to Newton’s classification scale. The serum vitamin D level was determined via the use of an electrochemiluminescence assay. The vitamin D level in the CADS group and control group was 54.68 ± 17.07 and 56.82 ± 17.75 nmol/L, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.622). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of CADS was not associated with hypovitaminosis D (odds ratio (OR) = 1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.37–5.54). It can be concluded that vitamin D is not associated with CADS and does not play a significant role in host susceptibility to CADS. This finding suggests that vitamin D screening is not indicated routinely in patients with Candida-associated denture stomatitis.
Highlights
Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS) is a fungal infection of the oral mucosa occurring beneath dentures [1]
Vitamin D plays an important role in the maintenance of oral health by maintaining bone mass, preventing gingivitis, periodontitis, dental caries and tooth loss, and preventing the onset of malignant and infectious diseases by stimulating immunity and through its antimicrobial properties [39,40,41,42]
We found a trend toward lower serum vitamin D level with increasing CADS severity
Summary
Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS) is a fungal infection of the oral mucosa occurring beneath dentures [1]. It is considered a Candida-associated lesion, together with angular cheilitis and median rhomboid glossitis [2,3]. CADS has been found to occur in 60–65% of denture wearers [4]. CADS is the most common form of candidiasis [7]. It presents itself as erythema and inflammatory hyperplasia of the mucosa. Newton [8] classified denture stomatitis in 1962 into three types: punctiform hyperemia (Type I), diffuse hyperemia (Type II), and granular
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