Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the association between violence in childhood and increase in the Body Mass Index among adolescents. Method: a cross-sectional study, conducted with 136 adolescents aged from 10 to 19 years old, monitored by a Multiprofessional Residency Program in Adolescents' Health, in health units from the municipality of Divinópolis-MG. The anthropometric assessment was conducted from March to June 2018; and information was collected referring to the socioeconomic level, demographic factors, food consumption, and physical activity of the participants. The variable related to violence in childhood was composed of five groups, obtained from a factorial analysis. Multiple regression models were used to identify the variables associated with the increase in Body Mass Index, with a significance level of 5%. Results: the prevalence of excess weight was 31.8%. The adolescents participating in the study consumed soft drinks (66.2%) and industrialized food products (66.9%) every week and ate in front of the TV every day (54.4%). The most prevalent type of abuse was emotional neglect, which affected 100% of the sample under study. An association was evidenced of physical neglect in childhood and intake of industrialized food products with the increase in the Body Mass Index z-score. Conclusion: violence in childhood and the consumption of industrialized food products were associated to the increase in Body Mass Index among adolescents. Investments in public policies for comprehensive promotion of health and protection of children and adolescents are imperious.
Highlights
Overweight and obesity constitute excess weight and are characterized by abnormal accumulation of fat in the organism, which may result in various implications for health
Most of the families lived with four people in the same household (37.5%), with adolescents who worked (19.9%), and were classified in economic Class C2 (35.3%). (Table 1)
By analyzing the nutritional characteristics of the study participants, it was observed that the adolescents ate beans every day (58.1%), fried food products every week (66.9%), legumes and vegetables (25%), sweets (26.5%), and fruits (24.3%) every day
Summary
Overweight and obesity constitute excess weight and are characterized by abnormal accumulation of fat in the organism, which may result in various implications for health. In the Brazilian Northeast region, in Ceará, a study conducted with 572 adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years old evidenced a 20% prevalence of excess weight[2]. In Minas Gerais, in a research study conducted with 70 students with mean age of 16.4 years old, the prevalence of overweight/ obesity was of 24.3%3. Since it is one of the main risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and cancer, excess weight brings about various complications for health and large costs for the public coffers[4]. In these age groups, the existence of inadequate eating habits and the excessive intake of industrialized food products, saturated fat and sugars are frequently verified[2]
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