Association between Underweight and Edentulism among Older (50+) Men and Women in India

Abstract

In India, more than one third of older adults are underweight. The prevalence of edentulism is higher among older adults. Yet, the role of underweight in determining edentulism is remains unclear. This study examined the association between underweight and self-reported edentulism among older men and women in India. Nationally representative cross-sectional data from the first wave WHO’s Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE ) survey was used (n = 6366). The association between underweight and edentulism was examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, residence, marital status, years of schooling, wealth quintile, tobacco use, self-rated health, chronic diseases, and state/province. The overall prevalence of underweight in the study population was 38%. The prevalence of edentulism was higher among women (16%) respondents compared to men (14%). Further, underweight women had a 51% higher risk of edentulism (OR = 1.51; CI: 1.12, 2.43; p < .001) than the normal weight women. The result of this study suggests a significant positive relationship between underweight and edentulism among the older women in India. Interventions to improve the nutritional status in life course may enhance the oral health conditions of the older population in India.