Association between tumor necrosis factor alpha gene polymorphisms and multiple myeloma risk: an updated meta-analysis

Abstract

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) polymorphisms and multiple myeloma (MM) risk.MethodsEligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI and the Wanfang database. Polymorphisms of TNFα-308 G/A, TNFα-857 C/T, and TNFα-238 G/A were analyzed based on the allele, recessive, dominant, and additive-dominant models. The meta-analysis was conducted using R 3.12 software. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used as evaluation indicators. Heterogeneity among studies was detected. Publication bias was evaluated. Sensitivity and power analyses were also conducted.ResultsSignificant associations existed between ‘TT vs. CC’ (OR = 2.3752, 95% CI = 1.1342–4.9740) and ‘TT vs. CC + TC’ (OR = 2.0802, 95% CI = 1.0250–4.2218) models of the TNFα-857 C/T gene and MM risk. There were no significant differences in other genetic models of TNFα-857 C/T or any genetic models of TNFα-308 G/A and TNFα-238 G/A. No significant publication bias existed among the studies. In addition, sensitivity analyses showed that meta-analysis results of all genetic models of the TNFα-238 G/A gene did not change after omitting one of these studies, but most models of TNFα-857 C/T and TNFα-308 G/A exhibited significant changes.ConclusionOur findings indicate that the ‘TT vs. CC’ and ‘TT vs. CC + TC’ of TNFα-857 C/T are correlated with MM risk. TNFα-857 C/T may be a risk factor for MM development. There is no association between TNFα-238/-308 polymorphisms and MM risk.