Abstract
BackgroundRecent studies have suggested the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) may serve as a suitable substitute for insulin resistance. However, evidence for the relationship between TyG index and risk of diabetes remains limited. This study sought to explore the association of baseline TyG index with risk of developing diabetes in Chinese adults.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the health screening program in China. A total of 201,298 non-diabetic individuals were included. TyG index was calculated as Ln [fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) × fasting triglyceride level (mg/dL) / 2]. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL and/or self-reported diabetes. Cox proportion-hazard model was employed to evaluate the independent impact of baseline TyG index on future diabetes risk. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were implemented to verify the reliability of results. Notably, data were downloaded from the DATADRYAD website, and used only for secondary analyses.ResultsDuring an average follow-up of 3.12 years, among 201,298 individuals aged ≥20 years, 3389 subjects developed diabetes. After adjusting for potential confounders, elevated TyG index were independently correlated with greater risk of incident diabetes (hazard ratio (HR), 3.34; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.11–3.60). Compared with the lowest quartile (Q1), increasing TyG index (Q2, Q3, and Q4) was related to increased HR estimates of incident diabetes [HR (95% CI), 1.83 (1.49–2.26); 3.29 (2.70–4.01), and 6.26 (5.15–7.60), respectively]. Moreover, a nonlinear relationship was observed between TyG index and risk of diabetes and the slope of the curve increased accompanying the rise of TyG index. Subgroup analysis revealed the positive association was stronger among subjects with age < 40 years, body mass index ≥18.5 kg/m2 and < 24 kg/m2, or systolic blood pressure < 140 mmHg, or in females.ConclusionsElevated TyG index is independently correlated with increased risk of incident diabetes in Chinese adults, indicating it may represent a reliable predictor of diabetes in high-risk populations.
Highlights
Recent studies have suggested the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) may serve as a suitable substitute for insulin resistance
The following variables were involved in this database: sex, age, body mass index (BMI), drinking, smoking, family history of diabetes, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), TG, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum creatinine (Scr), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), FPG of final visit, incident diabetes at follow up and follow-up time
The results revealed that these factors, including age, BMI, LDL-C, TC, TG, FPG, TyG index, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Scr, SBP, DBP, drinking, smoking and family history of diabetes, were positively related to future risk of diabetes, whereas HDL-C was not correlated with future risk
Summary
Recent studies have suggested the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) may serve as a suitable substitute for insulin resistance. This study sought to explore the association of baseline TyG index with risk of developing diabetes in Chinese adults. Diabetes has become an epidemic worldwide estimated to affect 439 million adults by 2030 It is a growing health problem imposing heavy financial burden on individuals and society [1,2,3,4]. To relieve this burden, public health strategies should focus on screening high-risk populations for incident diabetes, mainly for early prevention and appropriate intervention. The present study, based on a large cohort of 201,298 participants across 32 locations in 11 cities in China, sought to further explore the potential impact of baseline TyG index on future diabetes risk
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