Abstract
The congenital absence of multiple teeth may share the same genetic background of the development of some types of cancer. Objective: This systematic review aimed to investigate the possible association between dental agenesis and cancer, and the perspective of agenesis as an early predictor for cancer risk. Methodology: The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and OpenGrey were searched and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool. The GRADE tool was used to evaluate the certainty of the evidence. Results: Six studies met the eligibility criteria. A positive co-occurrence between ovarian cancer and hypodontia was found in two articles. Three studies evaluated the association between dental agenesis and colorectal cancer and only one showed common genes for these conditions. One paper found individuals with hypodontia had a higher risk of family history of cancer. Five studies had a fair quality and one a good quality. The certainty of evidence was classified as very low. Conclusion: Notwithstanding the limited scientific evidence, there may be a possible association between dental agenesis and cancer due to genes involved in both conditions. Agenesis of multiple teeth could be an early indicator of cancer risk. Nevertheless, studies with a better level of evidence are needed to confirm this possible association.
Highlights
MethodologyTooth agenesis is a common dental anomaly in humans, with prevalence around 6.4% and variation according to sex, race, and ethnicity.1 Hypodontia is the condition characterized by the absence of less than six permanent teeth, oligodontia more than six missing teeth, and anodontia in case of missing all permanent teeth.2,3 Except for the third molars, lower second premolars and upper lateral incisors are the permanent teeth most affected.1,4Some environmental factors could interfere with odontogenesis, which includes trauma, infection, smoking, surgery, and others.5-8 Tooth agenesis is related with genetic syndromes including ectodermal dysplasia and Klinefelter syndrome.9 this condition may be classified as syndromic or nonsyndromic.4,10 In both situations, the genetic seems to be the main etiological component
Other two articles did not report an association between colorectal cancer and dental agenesis,24,29 whereas one showed common genes for both conditions: ATF1, DUSP10, and CASC8.30 One study found subjects with dental agenesis had a major chance of family history of cancer and associations with axis inhibition protein 2 (AXIN2), FGF3, FGF10, and FGFR2 genes
It was revealed a statistically significant association between dental agenesis and ovarian cancer, with a chance of a patient with ovarian cancer being diagnosed with tooth agenesis 6.43 higher
Summary
MethodologyTooth agenesis is a common dental anomaly in humans, with prevalence around 6.4% and variation according to sex, race, and ethnicity. Hypodontia is the condition characterized by the absence of less than six permanent teeth, oligodontia more than six missing teeth, and anodontia in case of missing all permanent teeth. Except for the third molars, lower second premolars and upper lateral incisors are the permanent teeth most affected.1,4Some environmental factors could interfere with odontogenesis, which includes trauma, infection, smoking, surgery, and others. Tooth agenesis is related with genetic syndromes including ectodermal dysplasia and Klinefelter syndrome. this condition may be classified as syndromic or nonsyndromic. In both situations, the genetic seems to be the main etiological component.. Tooth agenesis is a common dental anomaly in humans, with prevalence around 6.4% and variation according to sex, race, and ethnicity.. Hypodontia is the condition characterized by the absence of less than six permanent teeth, oligodontia more than six missing teeth, and anodontia in case of missing all permanent teeth.. Some environmental factors could interfere with odontogenesis, which includes trauma, infection, smoking, surgery, and others.. Tooth agenesis is related with genetic syndromes including ectodermal dysplasia and Klinefelter syndrome.. Tooth agenesis is related with genetic syndromes including ectodermal dysplasia and Klinefelter syndrome.9 This condition may be classified as syndromic or nonsyndromic.. This condition may be classified as syndromic or nonsyndromic.4,10 In both situations, the genetic seems to be the main etiological component.
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