Association between the stress hyperglycemia ratio and mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Abstract

The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is established as a reliable marker for assessing the severity of stress-induced hyperglycemia. While its effectiveness in managing patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) remains to be fully understood. We aim to explore the relationship between SHR and clinical prognosis in AIS patients and to assess how diabetes status influences this relationship. In this study, we analyzed data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database, selecting patients with AIS who required ICU admission. These patients were categorized into tertiles based on their SHR levels. We applied Cox hazard regression models and used restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves to investigate relationships between outcomes and SHR. The study enrolled a total of 2029 patients. Cox regression demonstrated that a strong correlation was found between increasing SHR levels and higher all-cause mortality. Patients in the higher two tertiles of SHR experienced significantly elevated 30-day and 90-day mortality rates compared to those in the lowest tertile. This pattern remained consistent regardless of diabetes status. Further, RCS analysis confirmed a progressively increasing risk of all-cause mortality with higher SHR levels. The findings indicate that SHR is association with increased 30-day and 90-day mortality among AIS patients, underscoring its potential value in risk stratification. Although the presence of diabetes may weaken this association, significant correlations persist in diabetic patients.