Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the presence of female-specific tumors and aggressive clinicopathological features in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed 9,822 female cases between June 2008 and December 2017. Odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Findings were stratified by age and body mass index (BMI) in different models.Results1443/9822 (14.7%) patients with PTC had a female-specific tumor. Presence of a benign breast mass was an independent risk factor for a primary PTC lesion > 1 cm in diameter (adjusted OR = 1.446, 95% CI 1.136–1.840, P = 0.003), but a protective factor against extrathyroidal extension of PTC (adjusted OR = 0.650, 95%CI 0.500–0.845, P = 0.001). Presence of a benign uterine mass was an independent risk factor for multifocal PTC (adjusted OR = 1.305, 95%CI 1.113–1.531, P = 0.001). Analyses stratified by age and BMI revealed the presence of a benign breast mass was an independent risk factor for a primary PTC lesion > 1 cm in diameter in patients aged <36 years (adjusted OR = 1.711, 95% CI 1.063–2.754, P = 0.027), and a protective factor against extrathyroidal extension of PTC in patients aged ≥36 - <42 years (OR adjusted = 0.533, 95% CI 0.302–0.941, P = 0.030) or with a BMI ≥ 23.4 kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 23.4 to < 25.7 kg/m2, adjusted OR = 0.441, 95% CI 0.246–0.792, P = 0.006; BMI ≥25.7 kg/m2, adjusted OR = 0.558, 95% CI 0.315–0.998, P 2 = 0.045). Presence of a benign uterine mass was an independent risk factor for multifocal PTC in patients aged ≥49 years (adjusted OR = 1.397, 95% CI 1.088–1.793, P = 0.009) or with a BMI <21.5 kg/m2 (OR adjusted = 1.745, 95% CI 1.214–2.509, P = 0.003).ConclusionThe presence of a benign breast mass was an independent risk factor for a primary PTC lesion > 1 cm in diameter and a protective factor against extrathyroidal extension of PTC, while the presence of a benign uterine mass was an independent risk factor for multifocal PTC. Data from this study may help surgeons propose more personalized treatment plans when encountering patients with PTC and female-specific benign tumors.
Highlights
Evidence suggests that less women than men are affected by cancer
Women with a history of breast cancer were 1.55 times more likely to develop thyroid cancer as a secondary malignancy compared to women with no history of breast cancer, while women with a history of thyroid cancer were 1.18 time more likely to develop breast cancer as a secondary malignancy compared to women with no history of thyroid cancer [14]
These data imply that women with a history of breast or thyroid cancer should adhere to the appropriate guidelines for prevention of and screening for secondary malignancies during follow-up of their primary cancer
Summary
Evidence suggests that less women than men are affected by cancer. The National Cancer Institute estimates that one in three women and one in two men will be diagnosed with cancer during their lifetime, and women are more likely to survive cancer than men [1].Despite this, the prevalence of thyroid cancer is higher in women than men [2,3,4,5,6], possibly due to the effects of endogenous female sex hormones, mood, stress, and genetic factors. Evidence suggests that less women than men are affected by cancer. Women with a history of breast cancer were 1.55 times more likely to develop thyroid cancer as a secondary malignancy compared to women with no history of breast cancer, while women with a history of thyroid cancer were 1.18 time more likely to develop breast cancer as a secondary malignancy compared to women with no history of thyroid cancer [14] These data imply that women with a history of breast or thyroid cancer should adhere to the appropriate guidelines for prevention of and screening for secondary malignancies during follow-up of their primary cancer
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
