Association between the platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and depression: A cross-sectional analysis in United States adults

Abstract

BackgroundThe primary objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR) and the risk of depression in adults in the US. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2016. Depression was assessed using the PHQ-9 questionnaire. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to study the relationship between PHR and the risk of depression. Subgroup and interaction analyses were performed to further understand these associations. ResultsA total of 21,454 participants were included in this study. After full adjustment, PHR was significantly positively correlated with depression (OR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.03–1.73). When PHR was converted into a categorical variable based on quartiles (Q1-Q4), the highest quartile of PHR was associated with an increased risk of depression compared to the lowest reference group (OR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.01–1.48). There was a linear dose-response relationship between PHR and the risk of depression (P-non-linear = 0.8038). The association remained significant in several subgroup analyses. However, the interaction test showed that none of the stratified variables were significant (all P for interaction >0.05). LimitationUsing self-assessment scales and inability to assess causality. ConclusionThis population-based cross-sectional study elucidated that PHR is significantly associated with an increased prevalence of depression in adults in the US.