Association between the Metabolic Syndrome and High Tumor Grade and Stage of Primary Urothelial Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder

Emin Ozbek,Suleyman Sahin,Alper Otunctemur,Eyyup Danis,Muammer Bozkurt,Huseyin Besiroglu,Murat Dursun,Ismail Koklu,Mustafa Erkoc

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.3.1447

Abstract

To compare histopathologic findings of patients who underwent transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TUR-B) between groups with and without the metabolic syndrome. We retrospectively analyzed data of 535 patients who underwent TUR-B in our department between October 2005 and March 2011. All patients had primary urethelial cell carcinoma (UCB). Histologic stage, grade, the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, HDL and trigliseride levels were evaluated. The TNM classification was used, with Ta tumor accepted as lower stage and T1 and T2 tumors as higher stage bladder cancers. Also, the pathological grading adopted by the 2004 World Health Organization grading system were applied. Non-invasive papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential were regarded as low grade. Among the total of 509 patients analyzed in our study, there were 439 males (86.2%) and 70 females (13.8%). Metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with high histologic grade, and high pathologic stage (p<0.001). The patients with metabolic syndrome were found to have statistically significant higher T stage and grade of bladder cancer. Further studies with more patients are needed to confirm our study.

Highlights

Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is a common malignancy with an estimated 73,510 new cases and 14,880 deaths in 2012 in the United States
Statistically tumor patologic stage, tumor histologic grade was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome (p
We compared the relationship of metabolic syndrome parameters with bladder tumor stage and grade (Table 3)

Summary

Introduction

Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is a common malignancy with an estimated 73,510 new cases and 14,880 deaths in 2012 in the United States. Compared to other places in the world, bladder cancer is considered to be a relatively common disease in Europe, North America, and Northern part of Africa (Siegel et al, 2012). Both genetic and environmental factors are considered to play important roles in the carcinogenesis of bladder cancer (Murta-Nascimento et al, 2007). Several risk factors, such as paint, smoking and human papillomavirus infection, have been implicated in urinary bladder carcinogenesis (Freedman et al, 2011; Li et al, 2011) these well-established risk factors are directly associated with increased risk of bladder cancer, the mechanism of bladder cancer still remains contradictor. Further researches are needed to explore potential risk factors and clarify the interaction between them

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Results

Conclusion