Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the selective destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas causing an absolute deficiency of insulin for life. This pathology carries associated risks so that it is essential to measure Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in this population. The aim was to analyse associations between the level of physical activity and HRQoL in people with T1D. The sample consisted of 172 participants with T1D diagnoses, between 18 and 49 years (31.29 ± 8.17). The participants answered different questionnaires related to physical activity (IPAQ) and HRQoL (EsDQOL, ViDa1, 15D, and EQ-5D-5L). The results showed significant correlations between the level of physical activity and HRQoL. Vigorous physical activity had an impact on the HRQoL questionnaires, such as the well-being dimension (rho = 0.349; p < 0.001) of the ViDa1 questionnaire. A significant correlation between total physical activity and levels of anxiety and depression was observed: anxiety (15D) (rho = 0.328; p < 0.001) and anxiety/depression (EQ-5D-5L) (rho = 0.324; p < 0.001). The present study showed associations between higher levels of physical activity and higher HRQoL parameters in the population with T1D, which can be erected as a reason for exercise prescription in these patients.
Highlights
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) affects millions of people around the world and currently has an increasing prevalence driven by a complex interplay of socioeconomic, demographic, environmental and genetic factors
A weak significant correlation was observed between METs of vigorous physical activity and the total score of the EsDQOL
The well-being dimension correlates weakly and positively with most physical activity parameters. Results show how both questionnaires are weakly related to Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D): EsDQOL (Table 2) and ViDa1 (Table 3)
Summary
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) affects millions of people around the world and currently has an increasing prevalence driven by a complex interplay of socioeconomic, demographic, environmental and genetic factors. Is the most common, representing around 90% of cases worldwide; 5–10% have Type 1. Physical exercise constitutes a suitable strategy to reduce costs and increase health parameters in people with T1D [4]. Regular physical activity practice is associated with benefits in cardiovascular and lipid profiles, glycaemic control (decrease in daily insulin dose and HbA1c), and fitness [5]. Concerning the benefits and recommendations of physical activity for the different stages of life, participation in sports activities during the first years of life has a considerable effect on glycaemic variables during adulthood [7]. Physical exercise is associated with a better Health-Related Quality-of-Life (HRQoL), and the lack of physical exercise in adulthood causes greater use of medical resources, which is why it is recommended to promote exercise in this population [8]. During the transition to adulthood, young adults with T1D struggle to maintain a balance between the demands of managing the disease and their lives, so it can be very beneficial to regularly assess HRQoL [14]
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