Association between the Korean Healthy Diet Score and Metabolic Syndrome: Effectiveness and Optimal Cutoff of the Korean Healthy Diet Score.

Abstract

Although the prevalence of metabolic syndrome has increased among Koreans, the specific health benefits of the Korean Healthy Diet score remain unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the Korean Healthy Diet score and metabolic syndrome and to identify the optimal cutoff of the Korean Healthy Diet score for reducing metabolic syndrome prevalence. This cross-sectional study used data from 11,403 participants of the seventh and eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The Korean Healthy Diet score was calculated based on adherence to 13 dietary components. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between the Korean Healthy Diet score and metabolic syndrome, as well as to identify the optimal cutoff values for the Korean Healthy Diet score. The average Korean Healthy Diet score was significantly lower in participants with metabolic syndrome than in those without metabolic syndrome (5.03 vs. 5.14, p = 0.016). A one-point increase in the Korean Healthy Diet score was associated with a reduction in metabolic syndrome prevalence (odds ratio: 0.95, 95% confidence interval: 0.91-0.98). The optimal cutoff for the Korean Healthy Diet score was identified as >7 points, particularly showing significantly decreased prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The Korean Healthy Diet score was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome prevalence, and the identified optimal cutoff values can serve as a practical tool for public health interventions aimed at reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome.