Abstract
Background: The consumption of carbonated beverages has been shown to increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. The associations between the consumption of carbonated beverages and left arterial dimension or left ventricular mass are believed to be likely related to the greater body weight of carbonated beverage drinkers relative to non-drinkers. Nonetheless, little is known about the association between the consumption of carbonated beverages and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) in Japan. Methods: We compared the age-adjusted incidence of OHCAs to the expenditures on various beverages per person between 2005 and 2011 in the 47 prefectures of Japan. Patients who suffered from OHCAs of cardiac and non-cardiac origin were enrolled in All-Japan Utstein Registry of the Fire and Disaster Management Agency. The expenditures on various beverages per person in the 47 prefectures in Japan were obtained from data published by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Results: There were 797,422 cases of OHCA in the All-Japan Utstein registry between 2005 and 2011, including 11,831 cases who did not receive resuscitation. Among these 785,591 cases of OHCA, 435,064 (55.4%) were classified as cardiac origin and 350,527 (44.6%) were non-cardiac origin. Non-cardiac origin included cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, malignant tumor, and exogenous disease (4.8%, 6.1%, 3.5%, and 18.9%, respectively). The expenditures on carbonated beverages were significantly associated with OHCAs of cardiac origin (r = 0.30, p = 0.04), but not non-cardiac origin (r = -0.03, p = 0.8). Expenditures on other beverages, including green tea, tea, coffee, cocoa, fruit or vegetable juice, fermented milk beverage, milk beverage, and mineral water, were not significantly associated with OHCAs of cardiac origin. Conclusion: Carbonated beverage consumption was significantly and positively associated with OHCAs of cardiac origin in Japan, indicating that beverage habits might play a role in OHCAs of cardiac origin.
Highlights
Several reports have shown that the consumption of soft drinks has been increasing worldwide [1] [2]
The Fire and Disaster Management Agency of Japan launched a prospective, nationwide, population-based, cohort study in subjects who had an ofhospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) to evaluate the effect of the nationwide dissemination of public-access Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) on the rate of survival among patients who had an OHCA, and the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS) Resuscitation Science Study (JCS-ReSS) Group had a suitable database in January 2005 [18]
Patients who suffered from OHCA of cardiac or non-cardiac origin (n = 435,064 and 350,527, respectively) and who were enrolled in the All-Japan Utstein Registry of the Fire and Disaster Management Agency between 2005 and 2011 were included in this analysis
Summary
Several reports have shown that the consumption of soft drinks has been increasing worldwide [1] [2]. The Fire and Disaster Management Agency of Japan launched a prospective, nationwide, population-based, cohort study in subjects who had an OHCA to evaluate the effect of the nationwide dissemination of public-access Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) on the rate of survival among patients who had an OHCA, and the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS) Resuscitation Science Study (JCS-ReSS) Group had a suitable database in January 2005 [18]. These data showed that in Japan, over 100,000 people experienced OHCA annually, and their survival rate within the first month thereafter was only 5%.
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