Association between socio-demographic factors, lifestyle, eating habits and hypertension risk among middle-aged and older rural Chinese adults

Abstract

Background and aimsHypertension is a global health issue with increasing prevalence. This study aimed to understand the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of hypertension in rural Chinese populations and help develop effective prevention and control strategies. Methods and resultsThis cross-sectional study used database from the Early Diagnosis and Early Treatment Project of Esophageal Cancer conducted in a rural population from September 2012 to December 2017. A total of 10,111 subjects aged 35–75 years residing in Huai'an District, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province for at least three years were included. Unconditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the association between socio-demographic information, lifestyle habits, dietary characteristics and the risk of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension was 34.32 % in this rural population. Men and older individuals are more likely to have hypertension when compared with women and young individuals, respectively. Factors associated with an increased risk of hypertension included: fast eating speed, a high-salt diet (both currently and ten years ago), a high-spicy diet ten years ago, high BMI, poor educational attainment, preference for fatty meats, hot diet, green tea drinking, intake of pickled potherb mustard and corn flour, family smoking and alcohol consumption. Light smoking in males, consumption of fruits, adzuki bean, and pork liver were associated with reduced risk of hypertension. ConclusionsThe study identified some factors, including eat habits and lifestyle, associated with hypertension risk, and highlighted the need for targeted policies and interventions in rural China to address potential risk factors for hypertension.