Abstract
A total of 532 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, who started insulin treatment due to the inability to achieve glycemic control with maximum oral anti-diabetic treatment, were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups according to their smoking status at the beginning of insulin therapy: smokers (n = 114), ex-smokers (n = 178), and non-smokers (n = 240). Demographic and metabolic data, treatment regimens, and insulin start times were evaluated.
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